珊瑚砂和陶粒填料曝气生物滤池处理生活污水的对比  

Comparative Study on Coral Sand and Ceramsite BAF for Treating Domestic Wastewater

作　　者：龙向宇[1] 谢军[2] 唐然[1] 方振东[1] 马颖 丁昭霞[1] 詹博[1] 

机构地区：[1]后勤工程学院国防建筑规划与环境工程系,重庆401311 [2]后勤工程学院学员旅,重庆401311 [3]海军工程设计局,北京100070

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2017年第15期20-24,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21577174);重庆市基础科学与前沿技术研究专项(CSTC2014jcyj A20004);后勤科研项目(CHJ13J021)

摘　　要：将珊瑚砂作为曝气生物滤池(BAF)的填料,能有效节省岛礁生活污水处理设施的建设成本。以陶粒填料BAF为参照,在分析珊瑚砂理化性质基础上,对比研究珊瑚砂和陶粒两种填料BAF处理生活污水的效能,明确了珊瑚砂填料BAF的技术特点。珊瑚砂表面粗糙,其主要元素为Ca、O、C,适于作为BAF的填料。陶粒填料BAF较珊瑚砂填料BAF对COD和NH_3-N的去除效果更好,且前者较后者有更高的氧利用率。珊瑚砂填料BAF适于COD容积负荷较低的情况,具有良好的同步硝化反硝化性能。当COD容积负荷<5.2 kg/(m^3·d)时,珊瑚砂填料BAF对COD的去除效果优于陶粒填料BAF。在水力负荷较低(0.2 m/h)的条件下珊瑚砂填料BAF中发生了NO_2^--N的积累,存在更多的短程反硝化过程。珊瑚砂填料BAF更适于生活污水的深度处理。Utilizing coral sand as the media of biological aerated filter（BAF） can effectively save the construction cost of the domestic wastewater treatment facilities in coral island. In order to understand the technical characteristics of coral sand BAF, the physical and chemical properties of coral sand and eeramsite were analyzed and the functions of coral sand BAF and ceramsite BAF treating domestic wastewater were compared. Coral sand was suitable to be used as the media for BAF, of which the sur- face was rough and the main elements were Ca, O, C. Normally, the removal efficiencies of COD and NH3 - N in ceramsite BAF were higher than those in coral sand BAF, because the oxygen utilization rate of ceramsite BAF was higher than that of coral sand BAF. Interestingly, coral sand BAF was more suit- able for the condition of lower pollution load and had the better performance of simuhaneous nitrification and denitrification than ceramsite BAF. When the COD volume load was less than 5.2 kg/（m3 · d）, the removal efficiencies of COD in coral sand BAF were higher than those in ceramsite BAF. Under the con- dition of low hydraulic loading, such as 0.2 m/h, NO2 - N was accumulated and the more process of short-cut denitrification existed in coral sand BAF. In general, coral sand BAF should be more suitable for the advanced treatment of domestic wastewater.

关 键 词：珊瑚砂 曝气生物滤池 同步硝化反硝化 短程反硝化 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]