基于环境风险系统理论的长江流域突发水污染事件风险评估研究  

Environmental Risk Assessment of Yangtze River Basin Emergent Water Pollution Incident Based on Environmental Risk System Theory

作　　者：贾倩[1] 曹国志[1] 於方[1] 周夏飞[1] 朱文英[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部环境规划院,北京100012

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2017年第4期84-88,93,共6页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题项目(2015BAK12B02)

摘　　要：长江流域大型石化项目、化工园区、危险化学品港口码头等环境风险源数量多,流域内分布有众多涉水的国家级自然保护区、饮用水水源地保护区,存在高风险企业与饮用水源保护区交叉分布、危险化学品运输航道穿越水源地保护区等现象,布局性突发水环境风险突出。基于环境风险系统理论和长江流域突发水污染事件风险特征,建立了涵盖环境风险源强度、环境风险受体易损性、排污通道扩散性指标的长江流域突发水污染事件风险评估指标体系,提出了指标量化方法与区域突发水污染事件风险评估模型,并结合GIS技术开展了长江流域突发水污染事件风险评估与结果可视化展示。在流域突发水污染事件风险评估的基础上,进而提出了优化长江流域风险源布局和严格高风险区域管理的环境风险管控建议。There are various environmental risk sources distributed along Yangtze River Basin. The large scale petrochemical projects,chemical industrial parks and ports for hazardous chemicals produce serious impacts on the environment risk of the river basin. At meantime, a significant amount of water related national nature reserves and drinking water source protections are located among the basin. The cross-distri- bution of the high risky corporates and the drinking water source protection areas exists while there are hazardous chemicals transport channels crossing the wellhead protection zone. The layout-type emergent water pollution incident risk is prominent. Based on the theory of environmental risk system and the risk characteristics of the water environmental emergencies in Yangtze River Basin,this paper proposes the risk assessment indicator system of emergent water pollution incident risk in Yangtze River Basin. The system takes account of the hazards of risk sources, vulnerability of risk receivers and diffusion of pollutant discharge channels, presenting the quantitative analysis method and emergent water pollution incident risk as- sessment model. Combined with GIS technology, Yangtze River Basin emergent water pollution incident risk assessment is indicated with the visual representation. Finally, on the basis of the risk assessment of emergent water pollution incident in the river basin,the suggestions on optimizing the layout of risk sources and the strict management of environmental risks in Yangtze River Basin are put forward.

关 键 词：环境风险系统理论 长江流域 突发水污染事件 环境风险评估 风险管控 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]