核桃雄花源营养液对核桃营养生长和果实品质的影响  

Effect of Walnut Male Flower-derived Nutrient Solution on Growth and Fruit Quality of Walnut

作　　者：张翠芳[1] 潘存德[1] 王世伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学新疆教育厅干旱区林业生态与产业技术重点试验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第16期59-64,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区"十二五"重大科技专项课题"核桃园土壤肥力提升与核桃产量;品质调控研究"(201130102-2)

摘　　要：为探讨核桃雄花源营养液发挥最大肥效的使用方法及其对核桃营养生长和果实品质的影响,对‘温185’核桃叶面喷施不同处理的核桃雄花源营养液,分析其对核桃坐果率、营养生长、单株产量和果实品质的影响。结果表明:与清水对照相比,核桃雄花源营养液不同处理均能显著提高核桃坐果率,促进新稍生长,增加单株产量,提高单果重、出仁率和果实中粗脂肪、粗蛋白含量。其中,经GB2(生长期喷施300倍稀释的核桃雄花源营养液+3.6 g/L硼酸)、FB2(盛花期喷施300倍稀释的核桃雄花源营养液+3.6 g/L硼酸)处理后核桃坐果率、单果重和出仁率均显著高于其他处理;处理GB2对核桃百叶重、新梢直径和新梢长度、果实中粗脂肪和粗蛋白以及单株产量提升效果最好。综合分析得出,生长期对核桃叶面喷施300倍稀释的核桃雄花源营养液+3.6 g/L硼酸可促进‘温185’核桃树体营养生长,改善果实品质。In order to study the use of walnut male flower-derived nutrient solution and its effects on thegrowth and fruit quality of walnut, different treatments of foliar application were conducted on Juglans regia‘Wen185＇to analyze the fruit setting rate, growth, yield and fruit quality. The results showed that comparedwith control, all the treatments of walnut male flower-derived nutrient solution could significantly increase thefruit setting rate, promote growth of new tips, increase yield per plant, raise the single fruit weight and kernelrate, and increase the content of crude fat and crude protein. GB2（spraying 300 times dilution of walnut maleflower-derived nutrient solution＋3.6 g/L boric acid in the growth period） and FB2（spraying 300 dilution ofwalnut male flower-derived nutrient solution＋3.6 g/L boric acid in full flowering stage） showed higher fruitsetting rate, single fruit weight and kernel rate than other treatments. In particular, GB2 significantly increasedthe dry weight of 100 leaves, the diameter and length of new tips, the content of crude fat and crude protein andyield per plant. The results suggested that in the growth period, spraying 300 times dilution of walnut maleflower-derived nutrient solution＋3.6 g/L boric acid could promote growth and improve the fruit quality of J.regia‘Wen 185＇.

关 键 词：核桃 核桃雄花源营养液 叶面施肥 营养生长 果实品质 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]