紫云英翻压对稻田土壤镉有效性及水稻镉积累的影响  

Effects of Astragalus smicus on Cadmium Effectiveness in Paddy Soil and Cadmium Accumulation in Rice Plant

作　　者：吴浩杰[1,2] 周兴[2,3] 鲁艳红[2,4] 聂军[2,4] 廖育林[2,4] 杨曾平[2,4] 谢坚[2,4] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学研究生院隆平分院,长沙410125 [2]湖南省土壤肥料研究所,长沙410125 [3]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙410125 [4]农业部湖南耕地保育科学观测实验站,长沙410125

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第16期105-111,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"长期施用石灰红壤性水稻土酸性特征变化过程与机制"(41401340);国家重点研发计划项目"稻作区土壤培肥与发丰产增效耕作技术"(2016YFD0300900);湖南省重金属污染耕地修复及农作物种植机构调整试点项目"镉污染稻田绿肥修复效果动态监测"(2015-60)

摘　　要：为了研究翻压紫云英对重金属污染土壤中Cd的有效性及水稻Cd吸收积累的影响,以当地传统施肥为对照,在大田条件下研究了添加紫云英对水稻生物产量、Cd含量和土壤p H值、有效Cd含量的影响。结果表明:翻压紫云英对水稻生长起到了促进作用,与单施化肥相比,所有紫云英处理的水稻地上部生物产量均有提高,平均增产率为11%。同时,水稻的Cd含量均有下降,稻谷Cd含量平均降低23.8%,稻草Cd含量平均降低50.2%,水稻Cd积累量平均降低了40.8%。翻压紫云英提高了土壤的p H值,降低了土壤Cd的生物有效性,相关分析表明,土壤有效Cd含量与p H值呈极显著负相关,而水稻Cd积累与土壤有效Cd含量呈显著正相关。本研究表明,在Cd污染稻田土壤上,应避免单施化肥,选用紫云英为代表的绿肥作物配合化肥施用,既能提高水稻产量,还能一定程度上降低土壤Cd活性和水稻Cd积累。To study the effect of Astragalus sinicus on cadmium effectiveness in Cd-contaminated paddy soiland cadmium accumulation in rice plant, a field experiment was conducted to study the effect of Astragalussinicus on biological yield, Cd content of rice, soil p H value, and available Cd content in soil, local traditionalfertilization was used as CK. The results showed that the application of Astragalus sinicus promoted ricegrowth, compared with the treatment of chemical fertilizer, the average yield of overground part increased by11%. At the same time, the content of Cd in rice decreased, the Cd content in rice grains decreased by 23.8%on average, and the Cd content in rice straw decreased by 50.2% on average, the average cadmiumaccumulation of rice decreased by 40.8%. The application of Astragalus sinicus increased soil p H value andreduced the bioavailability of Cd in soil. The correlation analysis showed that the content of available Cd in soilwas negatively correlated with p H value, while Cd accumulation in paddy rice was positively correlated with available Cd content in soil. The study shows that in Cd-contaminated paddy soil, the application of chemicalfertilizer alone should be avoided, and the application of Astragalus sinicus which is a representative greenmanure could not only increase the yield of rice, but also reduce the Cd activity in the soil and Cdaccumulation in the rice.

关 键 词：水稻 镉 紫云英 生物产量 

分 类 号：S156.99[农业科学—土壤学]