甘蓝未受精子房离体培养及再生植株倍性的鉴定  

Cabbage:Cultivation of Unfertilized Ovary in Vitro and Ploidy Identification of Regenerated Plant

作　　者：贾思齐[1] 王超[1] 王帅[1] 贾学方 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学园艺学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第18期42-48,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划"耐寒甘蓝杂种优势利用技术与强优势杂交种创制"(2016YFD0101702-6)

摘　　要：甘蓝通过未受精子房离体培养诱导获得的再生植株,对再生植株的倍性进行有效的鉴定是将其进一步应用于优良品种选育的基础。本研究利用3种基因型的甘蓝材料(PMQM、QMF、RMQM)培育再生植株,优化甘蓝未受精子房离体培养体系,并通过形态学鉴定法、根尖染色体计数法、流式细胞仪鉴定法对组培植株进行倍性鉴定。结果表明:在0.4 mg/L ZT的分化培养基中,3种基因型材料的愈伤组织分化率明显高于1.0 mg/L 6-BA培养基中的组培苗,其中基因型RMQM的分化效果最好;最终确定诱导愈伤组织分化不定芽的最适培养基配方为MS+0.4 mg/L ZT+2.0 mg/L 2,4-D+0.1 mg/L NAA,且通过3种鉴定方法,得出再生植株倍性:单倍体3.4%,双倍体49.8%,四倍体15.9%,嵌合体35.3%。The regenerated plant of cabbage was obtained by cultivating its unfertilized ovary in vitro, effective ploidy identification of regenerated plant would lay a solid foundation for its further application in breeding and selecting excellent varieties of cabbage. In this study, three different-genotypes of cabbage （PMQM, QMF, RMQM） were chosen to produce new regenerated plants, improve the culture system of unfertilized ovary of cabbage in vitro, and identify the ploidy of regenerated plant by using morphological identification, chromosome counting in root-tip cells, and DNA flow cytometry. The results showed that the differentiation rates of callus of three genotypes cultivated in differentiation medium contained 0.4 mg/L ZT were significantly higher than that in the medium with 1.0 mg/L 6-BA, the RMQM genotype demonstrated the best differentiation efficiency. Finally, the medium MS＋0.4 mg/L ZT＋ 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D＋0.1 mg/L NAA was identified as the most suitable medium for the differentiation of adventitious buds from callus. And through the three identification methods, the ploidy of regenerated plants was clarified as 3.4% haploid, 49.8% diploid, 15.9% tetraploid, and 35.3% chimera.

关 键 词：甘蓝 未受精子房 离体培养 再生植株 倍性鉴定 

分 类 号：S635.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]