我国高水平竞技田径运动发展困境及应对  

Development and Difficulties for China's Track and Field

作　　者：赵琦[1] 龙斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京体育学院,江苏南京210014 [2]武汉体育学院运动训练学教研室,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2017年第7期90-95,共6页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：江苏高校品牌建设工程资助项目(PPZY2015A007)

摘　　要：研究认为:运动员在少年、青年、成年阶段的训练衔接不合理,早期培养阶段存在成绩导向下的以大负荷为特征的过度早期专项化、成人化训练倾向,造成运动员出成绩早,退役早,保持最佳竞技能力的时间短,限制了运动员成人阶段向更高的水平发展,造成人才浪费。科研意识不强,科技含量不高,过程监控缺失,计划设计不精细,引起教练员对运动员的竞技状态控制不准。训练竞赛理念落后,不能很好适应国际田径运动发展趋势,造成训练的针对性不强,训练比赛安排不合理,引起运动员连续比赛的能力弱,尤其是驾驭重大国际比赛的能力弱。在此基础上,提出了应对措施。The analysis of track and field training and competition in the past ten years in China showed that elite track and field player development system had not been well established.The distribution of events and the ideas of development were not clear.There were no sustainable measures for ensuring the advantages of men＇s and women＇s teams.There were not enough qualified talents.The breakthroughs at certain stages did not mean that the overall strength and the competitiveness in the international games.The young athletes were trained too early with too professional,adult and event-related loads so that they competed early and retired early,which meant they could not compete for too long.The relative scientific researches were not well done.There were not scientific design and supervision of the training so that the coaches could not control the state of competition of the players.The ideas of training and competition could not follow the trend of the international development so that the training could not fit different players＇ needs which led to their poor play at the international competitions.

关 键 词：高水平竞技田径运动 发展困境 优势项目 训练整体观 专项特征 训练设计 

分 类 号：G82[文化科学—体育训练]