梨叶片发育早期结构特征与黑星病发生的关系  

Relationship between early structural characteristics of pear leaf and occurrence of scab

作　　者：赵军[1] 王影[1] 柴晨博 宋宇琴[1] 李六林[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第8期575-579,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：基金项目 国家梨产业技术体系白梨育种岗位(CARS-29-05)

摘　　要：[目的]探究梨叶片早期结构特征与黑星病发生的关系。[方法]以抗黑星病性不同的梨品种作为试验材料,观察叶片发育早期气孔特征和组织结构的变化。[结果](1)在叶片发育过程中,易感病品种叶片气孔密度和开放气孔密度要显著高于抗病品种。(2)抗病品种叶片的组织结构变化较小,栅栏组织厚度和海绵组织的紧密度要明显高于易感病品种。(3)叶片发育前期角质层薄且分布不均,随叶片发育增厚,抗病品种的角质层厚度要大于易感病品种。[结论]叶片发育早期阶段气孔密度小,角质层较厚、栅栏组织和海绵组织排列整齐紧密可作为梨抗黑星病品种早期筛选的重要依据。[Objective]The study was to investigate the relationship between early structural characteristics of pear leaves and the occurrence of scab. [Methods]The leaves of pear cultivars with different ability to resist scab were used as materials to observe the changes of stomata characteristics and tissue structure during the early stage of leaf development. [Results]（1）During the development of leaves, the stomata density and open stomata density of susceptible cultivars were significantly higher than those of resistant cultivars. （2）The tissue structure of the leaves of the resistant cultivars changed little, and the palisade tissue and spongy tissue showed neater and compacter than susceptible cultivars. （3）In the early stage of leaf development, the cuticle was thin and unevenly distributed, and it grew thicker with the leaves. The thickness of the resistant cultivars was higher than that of susceptible cultivars. [Conclusion]In the early stage of leaf development, the low stomata density, the thicker cuticle, and the neat and compact arrangement of the palisade tissue and spongy tissue can be used as an important basis for the early screening of anti-scab species.

关 键 词：梨叶片 黑星病 气孔 角质层 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]