叶面喷肥对板栗地上器官氮磷分配的影响  

Effects of Spraying Fertilizer on N and P Distribution in Above-ground Organs of Chinese Chestnut

作　　者：张丽[1] 郭素娟[1] 宋影[1] 孙慧娟[1] 谢明明[1] 武燕奇 

机构地区：[1]省部共建森林培育保护与利用教育部重点实验室(北京林业大学),北京100083

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2017年第7期34-39,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项重大项目(201204401);"十二五"国家科技支撑专题(2013BAD14B0402)

摘　　要：以板栗‘燕山早丰’(Castanea mollissima‘Yanshanzaofeng’)为试验材料,研究了花芽分化前期不同次数(1、2、3、4次,分别记为T1、T2、T3、T4,CK为对照)的叶面喷肥对展叶期和花期板栗地上器官氮、磷分配和雌雄花序比的影响。结果表明:除花期板栗营养枝叶片的氮质量分数外,在展叶期、花期经T3处理板栗地上器官的氮、磷质量分数均高于其他处理的,且经T3处理的雌雄花序比最高。展叶期氮质量分数总体由大到小表现为花、叶片、顶梢、枝条,且花的磷质量分数也最高,N质量分数/P质量分数总体由大到小表现为叶片、花、顶梢、枝条;而花期以叶片氮质量分数最高,雌雄花的磷质量分数最高,叶片的N质量分数/P质量分数最高。且花期板栗地上各器官的氮、磷质量分数均低于展叶期,花期雌雄花、枝条的N质量分数/P质量分数也小于展叶期的,但叶片的N质量分数/P质量分数较展叶期增加。相关分析表明,展叶期板栗花与枝条的氮、磷质量分数,花期雌花簇与雄花序的氮、磷质量分数,雌雄花序比与展叶期花、花期雌花簇的氮、磷质量分数均呈显著或极显著正相关,表明雌雄花发育与营养状况尤其磷质量分数密切相关。总之,T3处理,即在花芽分化前期叶面喷施3次对当地板栗地上器官氮、磷营养积累效果最佳。We studied the effects of spraying fertilizer for different times （T1 ： one time, T2： two times, T3： three times, T4： four times, CK： the control treatment） before flower bud differentiation stage on N and P nutrient distribution and the pro- portion of male and female flowers in above-ground organs of Chinese chestnut ＇ Yanshanzaofeng＇ （ Castanea mollissima ＇ Yanshanzaofeng＇ ） during leaf expansion period and flowering period. The maximum content of N and P of different organs were in T3, except the content of N of leaves of nutrition branch during flowering period. The proportion of male and female flowers of Chinese chestnut in T3 was highest. The content of N ranked in descending order of flowers, leaves, top shoot and branches, the maximum content of P was in flowers, N/P ratio ranked in descending order of leaves, flowers, top shoot, and branches during leaf expansion period. The maximum content of N was in leaves, the maximum content of P was in male and female flowers, the highest N/P ratio was in leaves during flowering period. The content of N and P in above- ground organs of Chinese chestnut during flowering period were lower than leaf expansion period, N/P ratio of male and fe- male flowers and branches during flowering period were lower than leaf expansion period, while N/P ratio of leaves during flowering period was higher than leaf expansion period. The correlation analysis showed that the contents of N and P of flowers were significantly positively correlated to branches during leaf expansion period. The contents of N and P of female flower cluster were significantly positively correlated to male inflorescence during flowering period. The proportion of male and female flowers was significantly positively correlated to the content of N and highly significantly positively correlated to the content of P of flowers during leaf expansion period and female flower cluster during flowering period. The development of male and female flowers was closely related to nutritional statu

关 键 词：板栗(Castanea mollissima Bl.) 地上器官 叶面喷肥 氮磷分配 雌雄花序比 

分 类 号：S664.2[农业科学—果树学] Q945.78[农业科学—园艺学]