1988—2015年唐山市70例尘肺叁期发病和影像学特征  

Epidemiological and imaging characteristics of 70 stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis cases in Tangshan City from 1988-2015

作　　者：艾进颖[1] 封小东 柳建强[1] 王玉君[1] 

机构地区：[1]唐山市疾病预防控制中心职业环境科,河北唐山063000 [2]唐山市路北区卫生监督所监督科,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第10期1306-1309,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析唐山市疾病预防控制中心诊断为尘肺叁期病例的发病和影像学特征,为尘肺病预防和诊断工作提供依据。方法将该中心1988年1月—2015年12月登记存档的70例尘肺叁期病例分为3个年代,即1988—1999年、2000—2009年、2010—2015年组,描述性分析不同年代尘肺叁期的发病和影像学特征。结果尘肺叁期由矽肺(68.6%)和陶工尘肺(31.4%)构成,不同年代尘肺叁期发病年龄、接尘工龄呈缩短趋势(P<0.05),2010—2015年发病年龄中位数(M)为49.00岁(P<0.05),接尘工龄M为8.20(P<0.05)。2010—2015年破碎工和成型工发病分别占总例数的44.4%和17.8%。2010—2015年黑色金属矿采选业、非金属矿物制品业和黑色金属冶炼及压延加工业发病分别占总例数的48.9%、28.9%和11.1%。位于前3位的大阴影形态分别是团块形(37.1%)、条形(25.8%)、圆形(19.1%)。大阴影病例中弥漫性肺气肿(62.7%)比疤痕旁肺气肿(37.3%)更多见,不同工种大阴影分布部位、形态、肺气肿差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。大阴影长径×短径均值为(5.8×3.0)cm。65.7%的叁期病例合并肺门改变,肺结核并发率较高(7.1%),8.9%的大阴影表现为孤立性大阴影。结论矽肺和陶工尘肺是尘肺叁期的发病病种,发病年龄、接尘工龄呈缩短趋势,2010—2015年病例集中在黑色金属矿采选业、非金属矿物制品业和黑色金属冶炼及压延加工业,以及破碎工和成型工,尘肺叁期病例具有影像学特征。[Objective] To analyze the epidemiological and imaging characteristics of 70 stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis cases, provide the basis for pneumoconiosis prevention and diagnosis.[Methods] 70 stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis cases which were registered and archived in Tangshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention from January 1988 to December 2015 were divided into three phases,namely 1988-1999,2000-2009 and 2010-2015. The epidemiological and imaging characteristics in three phases were analyzed descriptively.[ResultslThe cases of stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis included silicosis pneumoconiosis （68.6%） and potter＇s pneumoconiosis （31.4% ）. The onset age and dust-exposed years showed the shorten trend in three phases （P〈0.05）. The median （M） of onset age during 2010-2015 was 49.00 years old （P〈0.05）,and M of dust-exposed years was 8.20 （P〈0.05）. During 2010-2015,the cases of breakers and molders respectively accounted for 44.4% and 17.8% of total cases,while the cases in ferrous metal mining industry, non-metallic mineral products industry and ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry respectively accounted for 48.9%,28.9% and 11.1% of total cases. The top three shapes of large shadow were conglomeration （37.1%）,strip （25.8%） and circular-form （19.1%）. Among big shadow cases,the diffuse emphysema （62.7%） was more common than paracicatricial emphysema （37.3%）. The differences in distribution and shape of large shadow,and emphysema were not statistically significant among different type of work （P〉0.05）. The average value of length diameter and short diameter of large shadow was （5.8×3.0） cm. 65.7% of stage m pneumoconiosis cases had the hilar change,and the complication rate of pulmonary tuberculosis was 7.1%. 8.9% of large shadows were isolated. [Conclusion] Silicosis pneumoconiosis and potter＇s pneumoconiosis are the main diseases types of stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis cases, and the onset age and dust-exposed years show the shorten trend. During 2010-2015,t

关 键 词：职业卫生 尘肺叁期 描述性分析 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]