胸腰段脊柱骨折脱位后椎弓根螺钉置入内固定术治疗的生物力学变化  

作　　者：金敏伟[1] 童培建[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省中医院骨伤科,310000

出　　处：《浙江临床医学》2017年第8期1495-1496,共2页Zhejiang Clinical Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的 观察胸腰段脊柱骨折脱位后进行椎弓根螺钉置入内固定术患者的生物力学方面发生的变化.方法 回顾性分析2013年3月至2014年11月进行胸腰段脊柱骨折脱位并进行椎弓根螺钉置入内固定术患者52例的临床资料.结果 经过椎弓根螺钉置入内固定术治疗后的Cobb角、前缘高度及后缘高度在术前与术后差异明显,前缘和后缘高度比均较术前升高明显,Cobb角比照术前显著降低（P〈0.05）;术后1个月至1年的生物力学指证变化无显著差异（P〉0.05）;术前主要以A级和B级脊髓损伤为主,术后1个月和术后1年患者中C级患者明显增多（P〈0.05）;术后1个月和术后1年患者比较无显著差异（P〉0.05）.结论 通过椎弓根螺钉置入内固定术治疗后1个月,患者可以降低脊髓损伤分级以及改善脊柱生物力学结构,进而提高脊椎承重能力,提高生活质量.Objective To observe the change of biomechanics of the thoracolumbar spinal fracture and dislocation after internal fixation of pedicle screw placement. Methods The clinical data of 52 patients with thoracolumbar spine fracture dislocation and pedicle screw internal fixation from March 2013 to November 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Results After pedicle internal fixation for the treatment of the Cobb angle,the height of anterior and posterior height in the preoperative and postoperative obvious difference,the heights of anterior and posterior ratio higher than preoperative significantly,Cobb angle comparison of preoperative significantly reduced（P〈0.05）. Postoperative 1 month to 1 year compared with the significant difference（P〈0.05）;before the operation based mainly on Class A and class B,spinal cord injury,postoperative 1 month and 1 year after patients in class C patients increased significantly（P〈0.05）;postoperative after 1 month and 1 year in patients with no significant difference（P〉0.05）. Conclusion After pedicle internal fixation after 1 months of treatment,patients can reduce the classification of spinal cord injury and improve the biomechanical state,thus the improvement of the spine bearing ability can improve the quality of life.

关 键 词：胸腰段脊柱 骨折脱位 椎弓根螺钉 内固定术 生物力学变化 

分 类 号：R683.2[医药卫生—骨科学]