互花米草入侵下闽江河口沼泽土壤中各形态氮含量和储量  

Contents and Storages of Various Forms of Nitrogen in Soils of Wetlands in the Min River Estuary under Spartina alterniflora Invasion

作　　者：金宝石[1,2] 闫鸿远 章文龙[1] 曾从盛[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理科学学院,湿润亚热带生态地理过程教育部重点实验室,福建福州350007 [2]安庆师范大学资源环境学院,安徽安庆246011

出　　处：《湿地科学》2017年第3期375-384,共10页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41671088);国家基础科学人才培养项目(J1210067);福建师范大学校创新团队项目(IRTL1205)资助

摘　　要：在闽江河口鳝鱼滩湿地,短叶茳芏(Cyperus malaccensis)为生长在闽江河口的本土植物,以短叶茳芏沼泽为对照,研究了互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)入侵0~4 a、入侵4~8 a和入侵8~12 a的0~50 cm深度互花米草沼泽土壤中的各形态氮含量和密度,同时测定其环境影响因子。研究结果表明,在互花米草入侵后,互花米草沼泽0~20 cm土壤全氮和总有机氮含量与短叶茳芏沼泽相比有所增大,并随着互花米草入侵时间延长而增大。在互花米草入侵初期,互花米草沼泽30~50 cm深度土壤全氮和总有机氮含量比短叶茳芏沼泽小,入侵4 a后超过短叶茳芏沼泽;土壤铵态氮和硝态氮含量在0~50 cm深度持续增大。0~10 cm、10~20 cm和20~30 cm深度土壤全氮和总有机氮密度分别在互花米草入侵8 a、入侵4 a和入侵初期开始增大;30~40 cm和40~50 cm深度土壤全氮和总有机氮密度在互花米草入侵初期比短叶茳芏沼泽小,分别在入侵4 a和入侵8 a开始增大;0~50 cm深度土壤铵态氮和硝态氮密度都持续增大。土壤各形态氮含量和氮密度主要受含水量、盐度、容重和土壤粒径等环境因子影响。To clarify the spatial and temporal variations of nitrogen under the coastal wetlands by Spartina alter- niflora invasion, the contents and densities of various forms of nitrogen were measured to a depth of 50 cm in the soils of the native plant Cyperus malaccensis marshes and Spartina alterniflora invasion marshes across chronosequences of 0-4, 4-8 and 8-4 years in the Min River Estuary. Their environmental factors were simulta- neously measured. Results showed that total nitrogen and total organic nitrogen in the 0-20 cm of the Spartina alterniflora marshes increased continually with prolongation of the invasion, whereas they at depths of 30-50 cm decreased slightly at the beginning of the invasion period and exceeded the Cyperus malaccensis communi- ty 4-year post-invasion. Contents of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in 0-50 cm of the Spartina alterni- flora marshes all increased continually with prolongation of the invasion years. Total nitrogen densities and to- tal organic nitrogen densities in 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm of the Spartina alterniflora marshes in- creased significantly 8-year invasion, 4-year invasion and at the beginning of the invasion period, respectively. However, total nitrogen densities and total organic nitrogen densities in 30-50 cm both decreased slightly at the beginning of the invasion period and they increased in the 30-40 cm 4-year invasion and in 40-50 cm 8-year invasion. Ammonia nitrogen densities and nitrate nitrogen densities in 0-50 cm of the Spartina alterni- flora marshes increased continually with prolongation of the invasion years. There were most significant posi- tive correlation between most of the contents and storages of various nitrogen forms. Total organic nitrogen was an important part of soil nitrogen, which ratio total nitrogen had a rising trend with invasion years and soil depth. The correlation analysis showed that moisture, salinity and bulk density were significantly related with total nitrogen and total organic nitrogen, the nitrogen densities of

关 键 词：氮形态 短叶茳芏 互花米草 入侵年限 闽江河口 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]