基于煤矸石高效制备PAFSS工艺优化及物性探究  

Process Optimization of PAFSS Preparation Based on Coal Gangue High Efficiency and Its Physical-Property

作　　者：刘成龙[1] 罗婧[1] 丁文娟[1] 王学锋[1] 张志峰[1] 马贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏师范学院化学化工学院,固原756000

出　　处：《硅酸盐通报》2017年第7期2226-2231,2236,共7页Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(NZ16252);宁夏师范学院科学研究项目(NXSFYB1790);宁夏师范学院大学生创新创业训练计划项目(NSDC201662);六盘山资源工程技术研究中心项目(HG16-11)

摘　　要：以固体废弃物煤矸石为原料,工业硫酸对其进行有价铁铝浸出,通过对浸出有价铁铝硫酸盐进行氧化、水解、聚合后形成聚合硫酸铝铁(PAFS),浸出后的酸浸渣制备活性硅酸钠,两者进行复合共聚进而制备出新型高分子无机絮凝剂-聚硅酸硫酸铝铁(PAFSS)。研究考察了在PAFSS在制备过程中共聚时间、共聚温度、V_(PAFS)/V_(Na_2SiO_3)(体积比)、以及W_(Na_2SiO_3)(质量浓度)对PAFSS絮凝性能的影响,在单因素实验基础上通过正交实验优化PAFSS制备工艺条件,研究发现:PAFSS制备最佳工艺条件为共聚时间15 min、共聚温度30℃、V_(PAFS)/V_(Na_2SiO_3)=4∶1、以及W_(PAFS)/V_(Na_2SiO_3)=20%,此时去浊率达到99.1%。通过红外光谱(IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等手段对PAFSS的物相结构和微观形貌进行表征,物相结构分析表明PAFSS是硅、铝、铁等共聚形成的无定形多核羟基共聚物,微观形貌呈球状结构,比表面积较大。Using the coal gangue of industrial solid waste as raw material,concentrated industrial sulfuric acid as leaching agent,iron and aluminum were leached from coal gangue. Polymeric aluminum ferric sulfate（ PAFS） formed after through to oxidation,hydrolysis and polymerization of the leaching of valuable iron and aluminum sulfate. Sodium silicate was prepared by alkali dissolution from the acid leaching residues. Afterwards,both for conducting composite copolymer to preparation a new type of inorganic flocculant-poly aluminum ferric silica sulfate（ PAFSS）. The effect of the copolymerization time,copolymerization temperature,PAFS/Na2SiO3 volume ratio and the mass concentration of Na2Si O3 on preparation process of PAFSS was studied based on the single factor experiment. The conditions of prepare process of PAFSS was optimized by orthogonal experimental design. The results show that the best conditions of the copolymerization time is 15 min,copolymerization temperature is 30 ℃,and PAFS/Na2SiO3 volume ratio is 4 ∶ 1 and the mass concentration of Na2SiO3 is 20%,the removing rates of turbidity to reach 99. 1%. The micro-morphology and phase structure of the PAFSS can be characterized by the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy（ IR）,X-ray Diffraction（ XRD） and Scanning Electron Microscope（ SEM） and other characterized method. Phase structure analysis shows the product ＇sstructure is silicon,aluminum,and iron copolymerized amorphous polynuclearhydroxy copolymer,micromorphology analysis suggests the product＇s have spherical structure and a large specific surface area.

关 键 词：煤矸石 无机絮凝剂 聚硅酸硫酸铝铁 絮凝性能 工艺优化 

分 类 号：X752[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TD985[矿业工程—选矿]