2012-2015年某院临床分离2408株非发酵菌耐药性分析  

Antibiotic resistance in 2408 clinical strains of Non-fermentation bacteria,2012-2015

作　　者：李可可[1] 陈晓青[1] 邵海鑫 邹凤梅[2] 刘刚[2] 陈玉芊[2] 杨永清[2] 魏莲花[2] LIKe- ke CHEN Xiao- qing SHAO Hai- xing ZOU Feng- mei LIU Gang CHEN Yu - qian YANG Yong - qing WEI Lian - hua(Medical Technology College, Gansu University of Chinese Medcine ,Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, Chin)

机构地区：[1]甘肃中医药大学医学技术学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃省人民医院检验科,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第15期2869-2872,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：甘肃省卫生行业科研基金资助项目(GSWST2012-04)

摘　　要：目的了解临床分离非发酵菌的临床分布及其对常用抗菌药物的耐药状况,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法对2012年1月-2015年12月临床分离的非发酵菌菌种构成、标本来源、科室分布及药敏结果进行回顾性分析。结果 2012-2015年共分离出非发酵菌2 408株,其检出率前四位依次为鲍曼不动杆菌(42.61%)、铜绿假单胞菌(36.34%)、其他不动杆菌属(6.73%)、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(6.06%);所有非发酵菌分离株以痰标本为主(占58.63%),其次为引流液(占21.22%);感染科室分布以烧伤科、呼吸内科为主,分别占18.23%、15.86%;药敏显示非发酵菌对抗菌药物耐药较为严重,其中鲍曼不动杆菌对亚胺培南和美罗培南2种抗菌药物耐药率大于66.5%;对头孢类药物敏感性差,对米诺环素耐药率最低,为22.2%;铜绿假单胞菌对大多数抗菌药物耐药率较低;嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对头孢菌素敏感性差。结论本院临床分离的非发酵菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药情况较为严重,应加强对本地区非发酵菌耐药性的监测,合理使用抗菌药物以遏制耐药菌株的传播流行。Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of Non -fermentation bacteria isolates and to provide reference for clinical rational use of antimicrobial drugs. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the ratio of isolates, specimens source, clinical distribution and drug susceptibility test of non - fermentation bacteria in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2015. Results a total of 2408 clinical non - fermentation bacteria isolates were collected during 2012 to 2015, of which the Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia accounted for 42.61% ,36.34% ,6.73% and 6.06% in descending order, respectively. Most strains were isolated from sputum specimens （58.63%） and secretion （21.22%）,which were mainly distributed in the Burns Department （18. 23% ） and （ 15. 86% ） Respiratory Medicine. The clinical isolates of non - fermentive bacteria were generally resistant to antibiotics ,among which the drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii to imipenem and meropenem was more than 66.5%, and had serious drug resistance to cephalosporin antibiotics, with lowest 22.2% resistance rate for minocycline . Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the lowest - resistant to the majority of antibiotics. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was the lowest - susceptible to cephalosporins antimicrobial. Conclusion Antimicrobial resistance of non - fermentive bacteria in clinical isolates was a serious problem in our hospital. Ongoing surveillance of antibiotic resistance and susceptibility testing are important for Lanzhou region for controlling the spread of drug - resistant strains.

关 键 词：非发酵菌 药敏试验 细菌耐药性 

分 类 号：R115[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]