孙中山贤能政治观之反思  

Reflections on the Sun Yat-sen’s Political Meritocracy Thought

作　　者：颜德如[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学文法学院

出　　处：《学术界》2017年第7期17-28,共12页Academics

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“孙中山构建现代国家的探索及其对毛泽东的影响研究”(11BZZ014);国家社科基金重大项目“中国政治伦理思想通史”(16ZDA104)研究成果

摘　　要：孙中山以其笃信的＂行易知难＂学说来改造国民心理,进而奠定力主先知先觉式贤能政治的心理条件。他本人亦常常以先知先觉自任。过渡之训政、组织之党魁和主义之宣传,是推行其先知先觉式贤能政治的主要举措。然而,这些举措都面临着困境,致使孙中山时常纠结于贤能政治与强力政治之间。他的＂愈挫愈奋＂,正好诠释了这种纠结：强力政治之现实使其＂挫＂,先知先觉式贤能政治又使其＂奋＂。The overall form of Chinese traditional politics and the theme of political discourse show the general preference of Elite Governance of state,which embodies the theoretical logic of Political Meritocracy.Huang Zong-xi,as the representative of China's traditional political discourse in the highly mature stage,had great achievements and regarded it as an outstanding thinker with the symbol of the times.Although Huang Zong-xi had experienced the political criticism of the traditional monarchy,he was still a typical monarchist,and his monarchy still belonged to the Political Meritocracy in China.Huang Zong-xi's monarchy theory showed the outline and logic of the Political Meritocracy in China,which was typical in the traditional age.Huang Zong-xi's monarchy's political theory showed the three basic aspects of the Political Meritocracy in China:First,the Traditional Political Meritocracy in China in the logic began to obtain the grant of God;second,the Traditional Political Meritocracy in China was built on the basis of the value of regime relying on the people,its finally ideality was'achieve the greatest ethical goodness';third,Monarchy is the best regime of traditional Chinese virtuous politics to realize its ultimate ideal.All of above,the three aspects are interconnected and linked with each other in logic,sketched out the framework and logic of t Traditional Political Meritocracy in China,showed the essence of monarchy.

关 键 词：行易知难 先知先觉 训政 党魁 孙中山 

分 类 号：D092[政治法律—政治学]