论应得与正义  

On Desert and Justice

作　　者：文学平[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学意识形态战略研究中心

出　　处：《学术界》2017年第7期60-69,共10页Academics

基　　金：重庆市社科规划项目“马克思道德哲学的核心价值范畴研究”(2014YBZX011)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：应得是一个关系概念,由三大关系项、六个具体要素构成。以应得界定正义,将正义解释为应得,可以得到传统理解、普遍直觉和生存演化等不同论证的支撑。但反对应得正义论的意见亦不少,主要有知识论的反驳、实用论的反驳和形而上学的反驳。知识论反驳和形而上学反驳由于预设了错误的责任概念,因而误判了应得的凭据;实用论反驳跟知识论反驳紧密地捆绑在一起,反驳者设定了不切实际的认知任务,并以此来计算各种成本,且没有看到节约成本的一些实践惯例,因此陷入谬误。Common ownership is the integration of the traditional concept of public and private.In the society built of this pattern,all the members have the ultimate ownership of all resources.Meanwhile,as a member of the society,each individual has legitimate rights to possess and use the resources and benefit from them.The ultimate ownership of the society is characterized by taxation and transfer payments for sharing wealth,rather than direct holding and management of the resources.Such a community can fulfil the ultimate ownership of public property,and can stimulate the initiative and creativity of those members who possess and use the resources.The target of common ownership is wealth sharing,or else the so-called common ownership becomes illusory.

关 键 词：应得 正义 责任 运气 知识论的论证 实用论的论证 形而上学的论证 

分 类 号：D08[政治法律—政治学]