《苔丝》中的法律事件和法律行为分析  

The Legal Events and Legal Actions in 《 Tess of the D'Urbervilles 》

作　　者：魏军梅[1] Wei Junmei

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《兰州学刊》2017年第8期72-82,共11页

基　　金：笔者主持的2015年度国家社科基金项目"英国维多利亚时期文学作品中的法律现象研究"(批准号:15XFX004);2015年度全国高校外语教学科研项目"英国19世纪主要涉法文学作品中的法律问题分析"(项目编号:2015GS0017A)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：对小说《苔丝》中的法律事件和法律行为进行分析会发现,苔丝的悲惨命运的每一个转折都和英国当时的法律制度密切相关。英国当时的侵权法实行的是过错责任原则,导致苔丝家的马被邮车撞死而邮局和邮差不负赔偿责任,致使苔丝一家陷入经济困境;苔丝被亚雷克强奸使苔丝失去了维多利亚时代妇女幸福婚姻的基本条件;苔丝怀孕生子是当时禁止堕胎的法律规定使苔丝失身的事情被公之于众,加重了苔丝被强奸的悲剧后果;由于对当时离婚法律制度的误解导致苔丝同意与克莱尔结婚并在新婚之夜被抛弃;当时英国的土地法律制度导致苔丝的父亲死后全家人流离失所;苔丝杀死亚雷克后,不公正的刑事法律结束了苔丝的生命。可以说,正是英国维多利亚时期的法律把像苔丝这样的破产农民带入了悲剧的深渊。Studies on the legal events and legal actions in the novel《 Tess of the D＇ Urbervilles》show that every turning point in Tess＇ s miserable life is closely related to the legal system in those days. The horse Prince was killed by a mail cart and the family couldn＇ t get a penny in compensation due to negligenl liability employed in the tort law at that time in Britain and thus got into economic plight; Tess was raped by Alec and as a result the loss of virginity before marriage deprived Tess the right to pursue a happy mar- riage ; Tess gave birth to a son and the legal regulations banning abortion made Tess＇ s loss of virginity pub- lic ; Tess＇ s misunderstanding of the divorce system made her accept Clare＇ s proposal and was deserted on her wedding night; the legal regulations about rural lands made Tess and her family homeless after the death of her father; Tess stabbed Alec and the injustice of the criminal trial ended her life,. So it is not dif- ficult to find out that the taw of Victorian Period had thrown Tess into the abyss of misery

关 键 词：苔丝 法律事件 法律行为 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]