江苏省饮水型地方性氟中毒生态学调查  

The ecology survey of drinking water type endemic fluorosis in Jiangsu province

作　　者：夏玉婷[1] 王培桦[1] 尚莉[1] 叶云杰[1] 刘茂[1] 汪旸[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,南京210009

出　　处：《江苏预防医学》2017年第4期379-381,共3页Jiangsu Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：江苏省血地寄防重点项目基金(X2001120;X201421)

摘　　要：目的了解江苏省饮水型地方性氟中毒病区防治措施的实施进度,评价改水工程的运行效果。方法对江苏省26个氟中毒病区县的全部病区村开展改水工程运行情况调查,依据《地方性氟中毒病区饮水氟化物的测定方法》(GB/T 5750.7-2006)测定水氟含量,按Dean法进行8~12岁儿童氟斑牙检查。结果 2015年2 090个病区村已完成改水2 036个,改水率97.42%;改水工程运转率92.44%,其中水氟合格村1 620个,水氟合格率86.08%。共检查8~12岁儿童149 034人,氟斑牙患病率28.33%,氟斑牙指数0.52。水氟质量浓度在0~1.2mg/L、1.2~2.0mg/L、2.0~3.0mg/L、>3.0mg/L的村氟斑患病率分别为23.34%、48.45%、53.48%、65.32%,氟斑牙指数分别为0.40、0.74、1.05、1.28,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。改水完成且运转正常的病区村、改水完成但不能正常运转病区村和未改水病区村氟斑牙患病率分别为27.04%、41.59%、37.98%,氟斑牙指数分别为0.50、0.76、0.71,不同改水情况氟斑牙患病率差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论 2015年江苏省饮水型地方性氟中毒病情得到有效控制,但仍然有部分病区村未改水或改水后水氟超标,导致该部分病区村氟斑牙患病率下降缓慢。Objective To understand the implemental schedule for ward prevention and control measures of water type endemic fluorosis in Jiangsu provinces to evaluate the performance of water project. Methods All the ward villages from the 26 fluorosis illness districts and counties were surveyed for water engineering operation performance. Water fluoride concentrations were determined by Endemic fluorosis ward water fluoride determination method （GB/T 5750. 7-2006）. Children aged 8 to 12 years old were checked for dental fluorosis according to Dean＇s method. Results A total of 2 090 ward villages were surveyed in 2015, among which 2 036 ward villages finished water improvement project, the water-improvement rate was 97.42% ~ the operation rate of water improvement was 92.44% ; among which 1 620 ward villages were qualified for water flu- oride, resulting qualification rate of 86.08%. A total of 149 034 children aged 8 to 12 years old were checked, the dental fluo- rosis rate was 28. 33%, resulting dental fluorosis index of 0.52. In different water fluoride levels of 0-1.2 mg/L, 1.2-2.0 mg/ L, 2.0-3.0 mg/L,〉3.0 mg/L, the positive rates of dental fluorosis were 23.34%, 48. 45%, 53.48%, 65.32% and dental fluorosis indexes were 0.40, 0. 74, 1.05, 1.28, respectively; both With statistical difference （all P〈0.05）. The positive rates of dental fluorosis were 27.04 %, 41.59 % and 37.98 % in operating water supply villages, non-operating water supply villages and villages without water supplies, the dental fluorosis indexes were 0.50, 0.76, and 0.71, respectively. Statistical difference of dental fluorosis rates was observed among different water supply and operation status （all P〈0.05）. Conclusion The drinking water type endemic fluorosis in Jiangsu province in 2015 was under effective control. However, some ward village did not finish water supply or water fluorine did not reach standard after water improvement, which caused the slow descending of local dental fluorosis prevalence rate.

关 键 词：饮水 氟中毒 氟斑牙 改水工程 

分 类 号：R591.1[医药卫生—内科学]