中国隆头鱼科一新纪录种——雀尖嘴鱼  

First Record of Birdmouth Wrasse Gomphosus caeruleus in the South China Sea(Perciformes: Labridae)

作　　者：刘东[1] 唐文乔[1] 郭弘艺[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学鱼类研究室,海洋动物系统分类与进化上海高校重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2017年第4期685-689,共5页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31093430)

摘　　要：尖嘴鱼属(Gomphosus)是一群分布于印度洋和太平洋热带珊瑚礁海域鱼类,共有2种,以往在中国海域记录有1种杂色尖嘴鱼(G.varius)。我们在分析20世纪90年代采自中国南海大陆坡的鱼类标本时,发现了该属的另一种雀尖嘴鱼(Gomphosus caeruleus Lacepède,1801),为中国新纪录种。本种的主要鉴别特征为:体呈浅黄褐色(雌)或深黑色(雄);吻部特别延长呈管状;体长为体高的4.2倍,为头长的2.6倍;背鳍Ⅷ-13,臀鳍Ⅲ-11,胸鳍i(不分支)+14(分支);脊椎骨25;鳃盖条7;体被中大圆鳞;侧线完全,在背鳍条的后部下方急剧向下弯折,侧线有孔鳞片27;头部仅鳃盖上部有9枚呈三角状排列的小鳞;背鳍起点前方有鳞8行;背鳍第一至第三鳍棘间的鳍膜具1黑斑;尾鳍截形。Gomphosus is a genus of tropical fishes that inhabit coral reefs in Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean. Two species has been described, but only G. varius was recorded in China （Fig. 2）. Gomphosus caeruleus Lacepède, 1801, a new record in China, was identified from the specimens collected in a survey of the continental slope of the South China Sea （Fig. 1a）. The main morphological characteristics defining this species are： body light tan in female and black in male; snout elongated with upper and lower jaws forming a projecting tube; standard length is 4.2 times of body height and 2.6 times of head length; dorsal fin rays Ⅷ-13, anal fin rays Ⅲ-11, pectoral fin rays i （unbranched） ＋14 （branched）; vertebral bones 25; branchiostegal rays 7; body covered with middle to large size scales; lateral line complete, with 27 pored scales, and the lateral line curved abruptly downward below the posterior portion of soft dorsal fin; 9 small scales attached to the upper operculum, triangular in shape; predorsal scales 8; a black blotch between 1st﹣3rd spines of the dorsal fin; caudal fin truncated in shape. G. caeruleus can be distinguished from sibling G. varius mainly by color. The latter with shading to green in male, yellow to brown anteriorly and dark brown posteriorly in female, and a vertical dark-brown line on each scale of body. Furthermore, G. caeruleus has twice forked canal on lateral line scales, while G. varius has thrice forked canal on scales.

关 键 词：隆头鱼 隆头鱼科 雀尖嘴鱼 新纪录 南海 

分 类 号：Q959.4[生物学—动物学]