尾缘襟翼动态气动特性与控制策略研究  

RESEARCH ON DYNAMIC AERODYNAMIC PERFORMANCE AND FLOW CONTROL OF AIRFOIL WITH FLAP

作　　者：季康[1] 李春[1,2] 阳君 聂佳斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200093 [2]上海市动力工程多相流动与传热重点实验室,上海200093

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2017年第7期1912-1920,共9页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(E51176129);上海教育委员会科研创新(重点)项目(13ZZ120;13YZ066);教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(博导类)(20123120110008)

摘　　要：为改善风力机动态气动特性及延长其运行寿命,基于NACA0012翼型,设计应用于垂直轴风力机的襟翼翼型,通过CFD计算得到运行时流场、力矩系数及升阻力特性。以此为基础给出两种襟翼控制策略,通过改变不同方位角下襟翼摆角,达到抑制尾涡分离、延迟动态失速和降低气动力剧烈波动变化幅度的目的。计算结果显示翼型上仰过程中脱落的涡主要呈条状,而下俯过程中脱落的涡则呈圆形,且条状尾涡的升阻力特性明显优于圆形尾涡。由此提出一种减幅控制策略,极大地减少了尾涡分离现象,减小最大转矩达50%。同时为防止风力机转速过快,提出一种襟翼控制策略调节翼型失速从而达到气动刹车效果,增大襟翼摆角可促使翼型尾缘失速涡快速脱落,迅速增大翼型的阻力系数,且随襟翼摆角的增大,力矩系数也随之减小,减速效果越明显。The research is aimed to explore the potential to improve Vertical Axis Wind Turbine energy harnessing efficiency and life by using airfoil with flap. Present investigation is concentrated on VAWT with NACA0012 profile airfoil as its baseline turbine. Numerical simulations are carried out by solving incompressible Unsteady Navier-Stokes Equations at turbulence flow condition. Computation results showed that stripy wake vortex shows better lift and drag characteristics than round one. Detailed analysis on the flow structure demonstrates that this is related to the effective flow separation suppression and vortex control by flap angle. And by adopting amplitude reduction control strategy, CM can reduce by 50% without sacrificing output power. While for deceleration control strategy, the larger the flap angle turns, the more obvious the deceleration effect shows.

关 键 词：垂直轴风力机(VAWT) 襟翼 尾涡特性 控制策略 气动性能 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]