从硫酸工业废催化剂中回收钒硅钾试验研究  

Recovery of Vanadium,Silicon,Potassium in Waste Catalyst From Sulfuric Acid Production Process

作　　者：郝喜才[1] 娄童芳[1] HAO Xicai LOU Tongfang(School of Materials and Chemical Engineering ,Kai f eng University ,Kai feng 475004,Chin)

机构地区：[1]开封大学材料与化学工程学院,河南开封475004

出　　处：《湿法冶金》2017年第4期275-280,共6页Hydrometallurgy of China

基　　金：开封大学科研平台横向基金资助项目(开大校发[2016]93号)

摘　　要：研究了用浸出—萃取—沉淀—碱浸—蒸发结晶工艺从硫酸工业废催化剂中回收钒硅钾,分析了皂化P_20_4萃取四价钒的机制,考察了液固体积质量比、H_2SO_4质量浓度对水浸渣浸出效果的影响,以及萃取剂组成、水相初始pH、水相电位对钒萃取率的影响。试验结果表明:在液固体积质量比2.5∶1、H_2SO_4质量浓度120g/L条件下,钒浸出率在95.5%以上;在水相初始pH为1.9、电位-190mV条件下,以皂化的14%P204+7%仲辛醇+79%260#煤油作萃取剂萃取钒时,钒单级萃取率在96%以上;回收的五氧化二钒、液体硅酸钠、硫酸钾产品质量皆符合相应国家标准,钒、硅、钾回收率分别达92.1%、95.6%、94.3%。用皂化的P204萃取钒,萃取容量、萃取剂利用率及钒萃取率都较高,而且钒、铁分离效果较好,主产品五氧化二钒纯度较高。The recovery of vanadium, silicon and potassium in the waste catalyst containing vanadium from sulfuric acid production process by water leaching-solvent extraction-precipitation-alkaline leaching-evaporative crystallization were studied. The extraction mechanism for vanadium using saponification P2O4 were analyzed simply. The effects of liquid-to-solid ratio, sulfuric acid concentration on leaching of residue and the effects of organic phase composition, the initial pH of water phase,water phase potential on extraction rate of vanadium were examined. The experimental results show when under the conditions of liquid-to-solid ratio of 2.5： 1 and the mass concentrate of sulfuric acid of 120 g/L,the leaching rate of vanadium is above 95.5%. The single stage extraction rate of vanadium is above 96% using saponification 14% P2O4 ＋ 7% 2-octanol＋79% 260# kerosene as extractant,at the conditions of initial water phase pH=l. 9,water phase potential of 190 mV. The products recovered such as vanadium pentoxide,potassium sulfate and sodium silicate liquid are in line with the corresponding national standards. The recovery rate of vanadium, silicon and potassium is 92.1%,95.6% and 94.3%, respectively. The results show that using saponification P2O4 to extracte vanadium,the extraction capacity, extractant availability and vanadium extraction rate are not only improved,but also the separation effect of vanadium and iron is improved. The purity of the V2O5, accords with corresponding standard.

关 键 词：废催化剂 浸出 萃取 沉淀 蒸发 钒 硅 钾 

分 类 号：TQ13[化学工程—无机化工] X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]