拟合推估在GPS高程拟合中的应用研究  

Application research of fitting estimation in GPS height fitting

作　　者：张卢奔 ZHANG Luben(China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co., Ltd. Wuhan 43006)

机构地区：[1]中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司工勘院

出　　处：《铁道勘测与设计》2017年第1期8-10,53,共4页Railway Survey and Design

摘　　要：在铁路勘测初测阶段,水准控制测量工作用GPS拟合高程替代四等水准将大大减少外业的工作量,提高铁路勘测效率。许多常用的拟合方法均将全部的待定参数看作非随机变量,根据传统的最小二乘原理求出最佳估值,这种方法缺少随机变量对拟合结果的影响考量,在理论上是不全面的,在实践中也有局限。利用拟合推估方法,同时考虑了趋势性和随机性更好地拟合GPS高程异常值。In the preliminary-survey stage of railway survey,it will greatly reduce the workload of field work and improve the efficiency of preliminary-survey by replacing fourth-class leveling with the GPS fitting height.Many commonly used fitting methods all value the pending parameters as random variables,and obtain the best value of assessment according to the traditional least square principle,this method did not consider the influence of randomness to the result of estimation,it is un-comprehensive and limited in theory and practice.Therefore a method is better used in GPS height fitting because its＇ consideration of trend and randomness,which is called the fitting estimation.

关 键 词：铁路勘测 GPS高程拟合 最小二乘原理 拟合推估 

分 类 号：P228.4[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]