竹活性炭的制备及其改性研究  

Fabrication and modification research of namboo activated carbon

作　　者：刘俊劭[1] 徐婕[1] 林美娟[1] 陈培珍[1] 苏丽鳗 

机构地区：[1]武夷学院生态与资源工程学院福建省生态产业绿色技术重点实验室,武夷山354300

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2017年第7期184-186,193,共4页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：福建省教育厅(JK2014052);福建省大学生创新性实验(201310397021;201410397029);武夷学院青年基金(校青年项目XL1210)

摘　　要：以武夷山竹片为原料,采用磷酸活化、炭化法制备竹活性炭。考察了磷酸浓度、液固比、炭化温度、活化温度及活化时间对竹活性炭比表面积影响。采用L_(16)(4~5)正交试验优化工艺参数。结果表明,最佳工艺条件为炭化温度600℃、活化温度450℃、活化时间2h、磷酸浓度4mol/L、液固质量比为3,可制得的竹活性炭比表面积为521.30m^2/g,对Pb^(2+)吸附量为46.36mg/g。经硝酸和硫酸氧化改性后,竹活性炭表面的羧基和羟基含量增加,改性后对Pb^(2+)吸附量最大为58.593mg/g,为改性前的1.26倍。竹木废弃物制备的活性炭对重金属有良好的吸附性能,为工业上处理废水提供一种新方法,具有较好的社会和经济效益。The aim was to produce porous bamboo activated carbon（ BAC） by activation,carbonation and acid treatment from residues of bamboo-wood,the resource utilization of residues from bamboo-wood was realized. BAC were prepared from bamboo by activation with phosphoric acid and carbonation. The influence of phosphoric acid concentration,liquid-solid ratio,carbonation temperature,activation temperature and time on Brunauer-Emmett-Teller（ BET） surface areas of BAC was investigated. Based on L（16）（ 4^5） orthogonal experimental optimization method,optimized parameters were as followed： carbonation temperature 600℃,activation temperature 450℃,activation time 2h,phosphoric acid concentration 4mol/L and liquid-solid weight ratio 3. The maximum BET surface area of BAC was 521. 30m^2/g and the adsorption capacity of Pb^2＋was 46. 36mg/g. The carboxyl and hydroxyl content of BAC were increased by nitric acid and sulfuric acid oxidation treatment,and the adsorption capacity Pb^2＋was increased to58. 593mg/g,which was 1. 26 times before acid treatment. The activated carbon fabricated form residues of bamboo-wood had good adsorption to the heavy metals,which provided a new method for industrial wastewater treatment,and had good social and economic benefits.

关 键 词：竹片 活性炭 磷酸活化 正交试验 

分 类 号：TQ424.1[化学工程]