甘肃省民勤县小学生呼吸系统疾病和症状的家庭影响因素分析  

Influential factors of respiratory system symptoms and diseases of school children in Minqin county,Gansu province

作　　者：王园 李盛[2] 王金玉[3] 李守禹 李普[4] 王宇红[2] 苏利民[2] 毛波[2] 贾清[2] 张展翔[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州市第一人民医院,甘肃兰州730050 [2]兰州市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生科 [3]兰州大学基础医学院 [4]白银市第二人民医院

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2017年第5期415-419,共5页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：兰州市人才创新创业项目(2015-RC-34;2016-RC-29);兰州市城关区科技局科技支撑项目(2016-7-1)

摘　　要：目的了解民勤县小学生呼吸系统症状和疾病影响因素,以利于保护儿童健康。方法于2016年4月至5月,采用随机整群抽样的方法选取民勤县3~6年级小学生1 966名为研究对象,采用美国流行病学标准问卷(ATS-DLD-78-C)进行呼吸系统症状和疾病调查并进行影响因素的logistic回归分析。结果 1 966名小学生感冒时咳嗽、不感冒时咳嗽、持续咳嗽、感冒时咳痰、不感冒时咳痰、持续咳痰、喘鸣的发生率分别为63.9%、12.0%、8.6%、39.0%、9.8%、4.0%、10.6%,男生持续咳嗽、持续咳痰发生率高于女生(P<0.05);反复呼吸道感染、肺炎、哮喘、气管/支气管炎、过敏性鼻炎患病率分别为5.5%,1.9%,0.7%,7.0%,5.5%,反复呼吸道感染患病率与年龄呈负相关(P<0.05);logistic回归分析显示过敏史、家族史、被动吸烟、豢养宠物、大件新家具、地毯、冬春季开窗通风、煤炉取暖增加儿童发生呼吸系统症状和疾病的危险性,与父母同住是保护性因素(P<0.05)。结论多种家庭相关因素影响民勤县小学生呼吸系统健康。Objective To analyze the influential factors of respiratory system symptoms and diseases school children in Minqin county, and to protect the respiratory system health of children. Methods A total of 1 966 school children were selected by random cluster sampling, who were from grade three to grade six. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms and diseases was determined using a standard questionnaire（ATS-DLD-78-C） translated into Chinese from April to May in 2016. Logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the influential factors of respiratory system symptoms and diseases. Results The incidences of cold cough, cough without cold, persistent cough, sputum with cold, sputum without cold, persistent sputum and wheeze were 63.9%, 12.0%, 8.6%, 39.0%, 9.8%, 4.0% and 10.6%, respectively. The incidences of persistent cough and persistent sputum were higher in schoolboys than those of schoolgirls, and there were significant differences of the incidences between schoolboys and schoolgirls（P 0.05）. The prevalence of recurrent respiratory tract infection, pneumonia, asthma,bronchitis and rhinitis were 5.5%, 1.9%, 0.7%, 7.0% and 5.5%, respectively. There was a significant negative relation between the prevalence of recurrent respiratory tract infection and age（P0.05）. The results of logistic regression analyses displayed that the risk factors, which influenced respiratory system health of school children, included allergic history, family medical history,passive smoking, pet ownership, major new furniture, carpet, opening windows in winter, coal pollution（P0.05）, while staying with parents was the protective factor（P0.05）. Conclusion There may be many factors affecting school children respiratory system health in Minqin county.

关 键 词：呼吸系统症状和疾病 影响因素 小学生 

分 类 号：S858.28[农业科学—临床兽医学]