贵州省燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒重点病区8～12岁学生氟中毒防治知识调查  

An investigation on fluorosis awareness of children aged 8 - 12 in coal-burning type endemic fluorosis in Guizhou Province

作　　者：张伯友[1] 安冬[1] 李达圣[1] 张念恒[1] 姚丹成[1] 叶红兵[1] 高静[1] 胡小强[1] 王晓明[1] Zhang Boyou An Dong Li Dasheng Zhang Nianheng Yao Dancheng Ye Hongbing Gao Jing Hu Xiaoqiang Wang Xiaoming(Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Endemic Disease, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Guiyang 550004, Chin)

机构地区：[1]贵州省疾病预防控制中心地方病防治研究所流行病科,贵阳550004

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2017年第8期583-586,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的调查贵州省燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒（简称燃煤型氟中毒）重点病区8．12岁学生氟中毒防治知识知晓情况，为开展学校健康教育提供依据。方法2014年，在贵州省23个重点病区县（市、区，以下简称县），每个县按东、南、西、北、中5个方位各抽取1个乡镇，每个乡镇抽取1所病区村完全小学，对在校8。12岁学生进行燃煤型氟中毒防治知识问卷调查；并收集2010年同地区8～12岁学生相关知识知晓情况调查资料，与2014年进行比较。结果2014年，氟中毒防治知识总知晓率为84．21％（247518／293940），有9个县知晓率高于90％，5个县为80％～90％，9个县低于80％；与2010年比较（知晓率：96．58％），21．74％（5／23）的县知晓率升高，78．26％（18／23）的县知晓率降低。调查问卷中，预防氟中毒、正确使用燃煤炉灶、正确维护燃煤炉灶、避免煤烟污染食物方法的知晓率分别为81．91％（48154／58788）、83．72％（82026／97980）、85．11％（66709／78384）、86．12％（50629／58788）。8、9、10、11、12岁年龄组学生知晓率分别为80．47％（32359／40215）、83.36％（52581／63075）、85．04％（53882／63360）、84．79％（53328／62895）、85．98％（55368／64395），各年龄组间比较差异有统计学意义（x2=658．93，P〈0．01）。男、女性学生总知晓率分别为84-35％（128802／152700）、84．05％（118716／141240），性别间比较差异无统计学意义（x2=3．64，P〉0．05）。结论贵州省燃煤型氟中毒重点病区8～12岁学生氟中毒防治知识知晓率下降．应继续开展学校健康教育，以持续巩固防治成果。Objective To survey on fluorosis awareness of children aged 8 - 12 in coal-burning type endemic fluorosis in key diseased districts of Guizhou Province, and to provide a basis for school health education. Methods In 2014, five towns were selected according to five locations as east, south, west, north and center of 23 key diseased districts of Guizhou Province, one complete primary school in each town was chosen to survey on fluorosis awareness of all the children aged 8 - 12. At the same time, datas of fluorosis knowledge awareness of 23 counties in 2010 were collected and compared with the results of this survey. Results In 2014, the students awareness knowledge on endemic fluorosis was 84.21% （247 518/293 940）. The awareness of 9 counties was higher than 90%, 5 counties ranged from 80% to 90%, and 9 counties lower than 80%. Compared with 2010 （awareness： 96.58%）, 21.74% （5/23） of the counties with increased awareness, and 78.26% （18/23） of the counties with decreased awareness. In overall qustionnaines object, the awareness rates of fluorosis prevention, correct use of coal-fired stoves, correct maintenance method of coal-fired stoves, method of avoid soot pollution food were 81.91% （48 154/ 58 788）, 83.72% （82 026/97 980）, 85.11% （66 709/78 384）, and 86.12% （50 629/58 788）, respectively. The awareness rates of children aged 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 were 80.47% （32 359/40 215）, 83.36% （52 581/63 075）, 85.04% （53 882/ 63 360）, 84.79% （53 328/ 62 895）, and 85.98% （55 368/64 395）, respectively, the differences were statistically significant （x2 = 658.93, P 〈 0.01）. The awareness rates of male and female students were 84.35% （128 802/152 700） and 84.05% （118 716/141 240）, respectively, the difference was not statistically significant （x2= 3.64, P〉 0.05）.Conclusions The awareness rate of children aged 8 - 12 in key diseased districts of Guizhou Province is decreased. Work on school health education should be continued, to consolidate control outco

关 键 词：氟 煤 健康教育 知晓率 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]