利多卡因表面麻醉对减轻血液透析患者动脉穿刺疼痛的效果观察  

Effect of lidocaine surface anesthesia on reducing arterial puncture pain in patients with hemodialysis

作　　者：谭萍[1] 石毅琼 谢圆[1] 李宏达[1] 刘雪枫[3] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省中医院手术室,兰州730050 [2]兰州大学第二医院内分泌科,兰州730030 [3]甘肃中医药大学药学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《中国临床新医学》2017年第7期643-645,共3页CHINESE JOURNAL OF NEW CLINICAL MEDICINE

摘　　要：目的探讨利多卡因表面麻醉对减轻血液透析患者动脉穿刺疼痛的效果。方法将2014-02~2015-04该院行动脉穿刺的68例血液透析患者按数字表法随机分为常规组(34例)和观察组(34例),常规组给予常规方法穿刺,观察组在穿刺前1 h给予利多卡因表面麻醉。对比两组穿刺疼痛程度、血流量充足率、一次穿刺成功率及并发症发生率。结果观察组穿刺疼痛程度较常规组明显减轻,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组血流量充足率、一次穿刺成功率分别为85.29%、94.12%,明显高于常规组的52.94%、67.65%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);观察组渗血、血肿及动脉炎等并发症发生率为8.82%,与常规组的20.59%比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论利多卡因表面麻醉可减轻动脉穿刺时的疼痛,提高穿刺成功率,具有安全可靠性,可在临床中推广使用。Objective To explore the effect of lidocaine surface anesthesia on reducing arterial puncture pain in the patients treated with hemodialysis. Methods 68 patients treated with hemodialysis by artery puncture in our hospital from February 2014 to April 2015 were randomly divided into the routine group（ n = 34） and the experimental group（ n = 34）. The routine group was given routine artery puncture,and the experimental group was given lidocaine surface anesthesia one hour before the artery puncture. The degree of puncture pain,adequacy blood flow rates,successful rate of one-time puncture and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results The degree of puncture pain in the experimental group was significantly reduced compared with those in the routine group（ P〈0. 05）. The adequacy blood flow rate and the successful rate of one-time puncture in the experimental group were85. 29% and 94. 12% respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the routine group（ 52. 94% and67. 65%）,（ P〈0. 01）. There was no significant difference in the complication（ including bleeding,hematoma and inflammation） rate between the experimental group and the routine group（ 8. 82% vs 20. 59%）（ P〉0. 05）. Conclusion Lidocaine surface anesthesia can reduce the arterial puncture pain and improve the puncture successful rate,with a safe and reliable clinical result.

关 键 词：利多卡因 表面麻醉 血液透析 动脉穿刺 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学] R58[医药卫生—外科学]