云南橡胶林林下植物群落物种多样性  

Understory plant species diversity of rubber plantations in Yunnan Province

作　　者：黄先寒 兰国玉[1,2] 杨川[1,2,3] 肖笔文 吴志祥[1,2] 陶忠良[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海南儋州571737 [2]农业部儋州热带作物科学观测实验站,海南儋州571737 [3]海南大学热带农林学院,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2017年第8期2138-2148,共11页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-34-ZP1;CARS-34-ZP3);海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ2016020)资助

摘　　要：基于云南49个橡胶(Hevea brasiliensis)林样方(10 m×10 m)的植物调查数据,应用物种丰富度(S)、Shannon指数(H)、Simpson指数(D)、Srensen指数(Cs)和RDA排序等方法,分析了林下植物物种组成、物种多样性、林分相似性以及环境影响因素。结果表明:云南橡胶林林下维管束植物共有102科274属387种,其中最常见的为飞机草(Eupatorium odoratum)、弓果黍(Cyrtococcum patens)、两耳草(Paspalum conjugatum)和地桃花(Urena lobata)等。西双版纳地区橡胶林林下植物物种丰富度、Shannon指数和Simpson指数较高,而红河地区较低;8~10龄橡胶林的Shannon指数和Simpson指数显著低于其他林龄橡胶林;物种丰富度、Shannon指数和Simpson指数在500~700 m海拔最高;多样性在>25°坡度较高,在2°~15°坡度较低。红河、版纳、普洱、临沧和德宏橡胶林的物种组成存在一定相似性,其中临沧同普洱间的相似性系数高达0.47。环境因子中的气温、降水量、海拔等7个因素对优势种分布的解释量仅为20.23%。Based on the plant species survey data of 49 plots （10 m×10 m） in the rubber plantations in Yunnan Province, species composition and diversity, coefficient of similarity and environmental factors of understory plants were analyzed by using the species richness （S）, Shannon index （H）, Simpson index （D）, Srensen index （Cs） and RDA ordination in this paper. The results showed that there were 387 vascular plant species, belonging to 102 families and 274 genera in the rubber plantations. The most common species were Eupatorium odoratum, Cyrtococcum patens, Paspalum conjugatum and Urena lobata. The S, H and D values of rubber plantations were the highest in Xishuangbanna, and the lowest in Honghe. The H and D values of the 8-10 years old rubber plantation were the lowest. The S, H and D values at altitude 500 to 700 m were the highest. The S, H and D values on slope greater than 25° were obviously higher than those on slope between 2° to 15°. A certain similarity of species composition existed among Honghe, Xishuangbanna, Puer, Lincang and Dehong, of which the Cs between Lincang and Puer was 0.47, being the highest. Temperature, precipitation, altitude and other four influencing factors together explained only 20.23% of total variation of dominantspecies distribution.

关 键 词：橡胶林 物种多样性 相似性 RDA排序 云南省 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]