大庆龙凤湿地绿头鸭巢址选择  

Nest-site selection of mallard( Anas platyrhynchos) in Daqing Longfeng Wetland

作　　者：范培莉 宋成祺 李成绪 王猛[1] 郑硕[1] 张裕坦 齐艳萍[1] 陈雪龙[1] 王洪海 王亚飞[3] 王海霞 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学动物科技学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]大庆市畜牧兽医局,黑龙江大庆163311 [3]黑龙江八一农垦大学理学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2017年第8期2232-2236,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家青年科学基金项目(31500333);黑龙江省教育厅面上项目(12531474);黑龙江八一农垦大学校级大学生创新训练项目(XC2016014)资助

摘　　要：为了了解大庆龙凤湿地优势物种绿头鸭(Anas platyrhynchos)营巢的主要环境因素,于2016年5—7月,采用直接观察法和样方法在龙凤湿地自然保护区内对绿头鸭的巢区进行调查研究。通过对38个绿头鸭巢的常规参数测量以及巢区与附近无巢区生境的比对发现,绿头鸭巢址选择具有一定的特异性和非随机性,选择的主要因素依次为植被密度、植被高度、植被盖度、裸地比例、干草比例,这些因素决定了巢址的隐蔽度,说明绿头鸭更喜欢隐蔽度较大、草本植物盖度较大和距公路较远的生境,而隐蔽性成为绿头鸭巢址选择的最重要因子。Main environment factors for nest-site selection of mallard （Anas platyrhynchos） were surveyed with direct observation and sampling method in Longfeng Wetland from May to July 2016. The environmental factors were investigated for 38 mallard’s nests and 38 adjacent none-nest sites as contrast samples. The results showed that the nest-site selection of the mallard was specific and nonrandom. The main environment factors in nest-site selection of mallard were the density, height and coverage of vegetation, the proportion of bare land and the proportion of hay, successively. These factors suggested that mallard preferred the environment with higher concealment, higher herb coverage and being far away from the road. Accordingly, the concealment became the most important factor for nestsite selection of A. platyrhynchos.

关 键 词：绿头鸭 巢址选择 样方调查 主成分分析 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]