贵州丹寨金汞矿区稻田土壤重金属分布特征及其污染评估  

Distribution and pollution assessment of heavy metals in paddy soil in Danzhai Au-Hg mining area,Guizhou,China

作　　者：喻子恒 黄国培[2] 张华[2] 李秋华[1] 钟顺清[2] 张玉涛[3] 商立海[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境信息系统与生态环境保护重点实验室,贵阳550001 [2]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550081 [3]安顺学院贵州省科技厅土壤污染控制与修复工程技术中心,贵州安顺561000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2017年第8期2296-2301,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2013CB430002);国家自然科学基金项目(41403114;41173024;41273152)资助

摘　　要：分析了贵州省丹寨金汞矿周边的国道区、村落区、矿渣区和对照区稻田土壤中As、Cd、Cr、Hg和Pb的含量及分布规律,并采用单因子指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法对稻田土壤进行污染评价。结果表明:稻田土壤样品As、Cd、Cr、Hg和Pb的含量范围分别为7.66~73.5、0.233~0.777、58.3~125、1.13~77.1和23.7~111 mg·kg^(-1)(n=28),其平均含量分别为(31.2±17.2)、(0.426±0.136)、(95.3±15.6)、(20.4±22.7)和(49.9±23.9)mg·kg^(-1)(n=28)不同区域稻田土壤重金属含量差异显著,国道区Pb含量高,村落区As、Hg和Pb含量高,矿渣区As和Hg含量高。研究区92.86%的稻田土壤遭到重金属重度污染,主要表现为As的轻微污染和Hg的重度污染,并造成糙米As和Hg超标。金汞矿开采和冶炼过程中释放的As和Hg随水体迁移是稻田土壤污染的主要途径。The spatial distribution of five heavy metals （As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb） in paddy soils from four different zones in Danzhai AuHg mining of Guizhou Province were analyzed, and the pollution status was assessed by single factor index and Nemerow comprehensive index. The contents of As, Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb were 7.66-73.5, 0.233-0.777, 58.3-125, 1.13-77.1 and 23.7-111 mg·kg-1 （n=28）, with averages of （31.2±17.2）, （0.426±0.136）, （95.3±15.6）, （20.4±22.7） and （49.9±23.9） mg·kg-1 （n=28）, respectively. Heavy metal contents in soils varied with different zones, with higher As, Hg and Pb contents in village area, higher Pb content in national road area, and higher As and Hg contents in tailing area. The Nemerow comprehensive index showed that 92.86% of soil samples were polluted heavily with Hg pollution and slightly with As pollution. The As and Hg contents in brown rice exceeded the China’s national standard. The release of As and Hg in the process of AuHg mining and smelting with water migration is the main way to paddy soil pollution

关 键 词：丹寨 土壤 汞 砷 重金属 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X82