机匣处理结构离心压气机喘振裕度提高试验研究  

Experimental Investigation on Surge Margin Improvement for a Centrifugal Compressor with Casing

作　　者：李书奇[1] 庄丽[1] 侯琳琳[1] 刘畅[1] 张俊跃[1] LI Shuqi ZHUANG Li HOU Linlin LIU Chang ZHANG Junyue(Science and Technology on Diesel Engine Turbocharging Laboratory, China North Engine Research Institute,Tianjin 300400,Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国北方发动机研究所柴油机增压技术重点实验室,天津300400

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2017年第4期83-88,96,共7页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：国家"九七三"重点基础研究发展计划项目(6132520303);实验室基金项目(9140C330109150C33001)~~

摘　　要：以新建自动控制涡轮增压器试验台架为研究平台,以某新开发高压比离心压气机为原型,开展扩稳试验研究与分析。研究结果表明:消音挡板结构对压比≥3.5工况具有一定的扩稳效果,最大可使喘振流量减小6.4%,流量范围拓宽2个百分点;正向导叶结构在增压压比为2.0~4.5时具有一定的扩稳效果,可使喘振流量减小3.0%~6.6%;机匣处理导叶结构引起压气机效率降低,最大降低幅度为3个百分点;蜗壳A/R值减小,具有一定的扩稳作用,可使压气机压比≤4.5时的喘振流量减小,尤其是最高压比1.5~3.5工况,A/R值减小17%,喘振流量可减少10%以上;TRIM减小对压比≥2.5工况具有一定的扩稳效果,可使喘振流量减小,转速越高减小幅度越大,TRIM值由52减至48时,喘振流量最大减小12%,流量范围最高可拓宽4%。On a newly built turbocharger test rig with auto-control equipment, a study of surge margin improvement and its effect on performance was carried out with a newly developed centrifugal compressor with pressure ratio of 4.5 ： 1.0, from which the following conclusions were made. The baffler, a kind of casing, has surge margin improvement when the pressure ratio is 3.5 and above, with surge mass flow being decreased by up to 6.4% and stable flow range improved by 2 percent. The positive vane, another kind of casing, also has the function of surge margin improvement, especially when the pressure ratio is between 2. 0 and 4.5, the surge mass flow can be decreased by 3.0% to 6.6%, but it reduces the efficiency by up to 3 percent. Reduction of the compressor volute AIR has a similar way to decrease the surge mass flow when the pressure ratio is 4.5 and below, particularly when the pressure ratio is between 1. 5 and 3. 5 and AIR is decreased by 17%, the surge flow falls down by more than 10%. Reduction of the TRIM value of impeller can improve the surge margin and reduce the surge flow when the pressure ratio is 2.5 and plus, the higher the rotation speed, the greater the reduction of the surge flow, the decrease in flow can reach by up to 12% and the improvement of stable flow range by up to 4% when the TRIM changes from 52 to 48.

关 键 词：内燃机 离心压气机 扩稳 机匣处理 高压比 增压器 

分 类 号：TK421.8[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]