以色列宗教女性主义思潮及其影响  

On Religious Feminism and Its Influence in Israel

作　　者：张淑清[1] Zhang Shuqing

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学历史文化学院

出　　处：《西亚非洲》2017年第4期143-160,共18页West Asia and Africa

基　　金：2015年度国家社科基金重大项目"犹太通史"(15ZDB060)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：以色列宗教女性主义思潮植根于20世纪70年代,深受美国犹太女权运动的影响,但后者在本质上是世俗主义的,而前者则努力回归犹太教本身,寻求在犹太律法的框架内表达女性诉求,并将女性的关切渗透到犹太价值中。她们要求给予正统派女性正规宗教教育,增加她们学习犹太经典的机会;呼吁给予女性更多的公共祈祷权和仪式领导权;呼吁解决阿古纳问题。该思潮促使以色列正统派犹太女性在受教育机会、学术领域、宗教以及婚姻地位等方面的改善不断超越传统的规范,从而改变了正统派女性的社会角色定位和社会形象,并在某种程度上重塑了犹太教。Religious feminism in Israel originated in the 1970s, and was deeply affected by American Jewish feminist movement; while the latter was secular in nature, the former turned back to Judaism to express the need of women in the frame of Halakhaha. It was the feminists＇ wish to offer formal religious education to women and to increase their chance to study Torah and Talmud. It appealed for giving women communal right to pray and more ritual leadership, and called for solving the problem of Agunah. This social thought helped increase Israeli orthodox women＇ s education opportunity and led to the improvement of their position in academic field, religious domain and marriage going beyond tradition. Thereby, it changed the social roles and social images of the orthodox women, and reshaped the Judaism to some extent.

关 键 词：社会思潮 宗教 女权运动 以色列 宗教女性主义 阿古纳 

分 类 号：C913.68[经济管理] D738.2[社会学]