草原地区气传花粉可诱发应变性鼻炎  

Airborne Pollen Could Induce Allergic Rhinitis in Grassland Region

作　　者：王晓艳[1] 宁慧宇 韩班布拉 何欢[1] 石海云[1] 王学艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院变态反应科,北京100000 [2]内蒙古锡林郭勒盟蒙医医院变态反应科,锡林浩特026000

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2017年第7期2793-2798,共6页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：北京市科技技术委员会(No.Z161100000516006)资助

摘　　要：为探讨草原地区气传花粉与应变性鼻炎(AR)之间的关系,本研究选取临床诊断为AR的患者353例为研究对象,均接受16种吸入性过敏原皮肤点刺试验(SPT)。同时,采用重力沉降法对2015年当地花粉监测,显微镜下计数每日主要气传致敏花粉数量。研究表明,353例受试者中317例(89.80%)皮肤点刺试验阳性。吸入性过敏原阳性率前5位为:大籽蒿(74.99%)、葎草(61.93%)、灰黎草(58.53%)、豚草(56.25%)、榆树(47.15%)。夏秋花粉阳性率显著高于春季花粉(83.29%vs 63.46%,p<0.001)。花粉监测显示锡林浩特地区气传致敏花粉主要为蒿属、藜科,分别占全年花粉总量的54.16%和30.71%。花粉分布的最高峰月份为7~8月份。本研究表明,草原地区AR常见致敏原为夏秋季花粉,为多重过敏原,且该草原地区主要气传花粉为蒿属与AR患者SPT主要致敏原一致。草原地区气传花粉在AR发病中的起着重要作用。In order to investigate the relationship between airborne pollen and allergic rhinitis （AR） in grassland region, 353 patients with clinically diagnosed AR were selected as subjects in this study, who received skin prick test （SPT） of 16 inhalant allergens. Meanwhile, gravitational sedimentation method was applied to acquire the pollen distribution data from local sites in 2015, and the quantity of main pollen sensitized by air was counted under microscope. The result showed that 317 of 353 patients （89.80%） were found positive in SPT. The top 5 inhalant allergens in terms of positive rate were： Artemisia sieversiana （74.99%）, Humulus japonicas （61.93%）, Chermpodium album （58.53%）, Ragweed （56.25%）, and Ulmus pumila （47.15%）. The positive rate of pollen in summer and autumn was significant higher than that in spring （83.29% vs 63.46%, p〈0.001）. The pollen monitoring showed the main airborne pollens in Xilinhot were artemisia and chenopodiaceae, with a portion of 54.16% and 30.71% of the total pollen grains in 2015, respectively. The peak month of pollen distribution was July to August. This study indicated that the common allergens of AR in grassland region were pollen in summer and autumn, which were multiple allergens, and the main pollen pollen in the grassland area was Artemisia, which was consistent with the main allergen of SPT in AR patients.

关 键 词：AR 气传变应原 皮肤点刺试验 夏秋花粉 艾蒿 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]