基于PZT的新型柔性梳状表面波传感器研究  

New type of flexible comb Rayleigh wave sensor based on the PZT

作　　者：何存富[1] 赵华民[1] 吕炎[1] 郑明方[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学机械工程与应用电子技术学院,北京100124

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2017年第7期1675-1682,共8页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51235001;51505013;11372016)项目资助

摘　　要：针对厚壁管道表面缺陷检测,研究了一种基于PZT的柔性梳状表面波传感器。首先,采用有限元仿真的方法对钢板和厚壁管道上等间距梳状表面波传感器的阵元间距、阵元宽度、阵元个数、阵元长度进行了优化,以及阵元个数和阵元长度对传感器指向性的影响进行了研究,并通过优化选取背衬材料、设计背衬厚度,改善了表面波信号的拖尾现象;其次,根据仿真结果研制了新型柔性梳状表面波传感器,并进行了性能测试实验,实验结果与仿真结果吻合较好。通过仿真优化,得到当传感器阵元间距为λ_R(λ_R为相应表面波波长),阵元宽度为λ_R/2,阵元个数为5时,传感器表面波信号拖尾较小,能量较为集中。实验表明,根据仿真参数研制的梳状表面波传感器具有良好的指向性,并且能够实现厚壁管道表面缺陷的检测。Aiming at the surface defect detection of the thick-walled pipe, a PZT based the flexible comb Rayleigh wave transducer was proposed. Firstly, the finite element simulation was carried out to optimize the parameters of element interval, element width, element number and element length. The influence of the element number and the element length on the directivity of the transducer was studied. The tailing of the Rayleigh wave signal was suppressed by optimizing the backing materials and the backing thickness. Secondly, a new type of flexible comb Rayleigh wave transducer was developed according to simulation results. The characteristic of the transducer was tested, and experimental results agreed well with the simulation. According to the simulation and optimization, the tailing of the Rayleigh wave were shrinked and the exciration energy was concentrated, with the element interval of A R （A R equals the Rayleigh wavelength）, the element width of AR/2, and the number of elements of 5. The experimental result showed that the comb Rayleigh wave transducers possessed good directivity and capability of examination of the surface defects of thick walled pipes.

关 键 词：表面波 柔性梳状传感器 有限元方法 

分 类 号：TG115.28[金属学及工艺—物理冶金] TB553[金属学及工艺—金属学]