地震技术在煤层气勘探开发中的应用现状与发展趋势  

Application Status Quo and Development Trendof Seismic Prospecting Technology in CBM Exploitation

作　　者：张留荣 曾维望 Zhang Liurong Zeng Weiwang(Jinzhong City Coal Geological Exploration Team, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600 Shanxi Shandi Geophysical Prospecting Technological Co. Ltd. , Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600)

机构地区：[1]晋中市煤田地质勘探队,山西晋中030600 [2]山西山地物探技术有限公司,山西晋中030600

出　　处：《中国煤炭地质》2017年第6期68-73,共6页Coal Geology of China

摘　　要：地质研究程度欠佳是造成我国煤层气开发投入/产出效率偏低的重要原因之一,当前大量的低产煤层气井是对不利的地质因素认识不清引起的。基于对煤层气富集主控地质因素的地球物理响应特征分析,认为构造、煤层厚度、煤体结构、裂隙系统等在地震弹性参数上均有明确的响应特征,但煤层含气性响应微弱,地震预测难度大。依据当前地震勘探技术发展现状,提出在三个层次上开展煤层气地震技术的研究与攻关:1)充分发挥采集、处理、解释等地震技术在构造勘探中的优势,大幅提高煤层赋存形态及构造的控制精度;2)加强井震联合反演、属性分析等技术研究,开展煤层厚度、围岩(岩性组合)、煤层宏观结构等岩性预测;3)开展煤层含气性、裂隙系统、煤体结构、地应力等煤层储层物性的岩石物理测试及地震预测方法的研究。The degree of geological research deficiency is one of major causes in the country＇ s CBM exploitation investment/output effi- ciency low. At present, a large number of low yield CBM wells are resulted from understanding not clear on unfavorable geological factors. Based on CBM enrichment main geological factor geophysical response features analysis, have considered that on the seismic elastic parameters, the geological structure, coal thickness, coal mass structure and fissure system all have unambiguous response features ; but coal seam gas- bearing property response is weak, caused difficulties in seismic prospecting prediction. On the basis of seismic prospecting technology status quo, has put forward three levels CBM seismic technological research and key problems tackling： 1 ） Give full play of advantages of uptodate seismic techniques including data acquisition, processing and interpretation, substantial increase in accuracy of coal seam hosting pattern and structural control ; 2） Strengthen technical researches on well logging and seismic prospecting cooperative inversion and attributive analysis, carry out lithological prediction of coal thickness, country rock （ lithologic assemblage）, macrolithotype of coal ; 3） Carry out studies on coal reservoir physical property lithological tests of coal gas - bearing property, fissure system, coal mass structure and ground stress etc. , as well as seismic prediction methods.

关 键 词：煤层气 煤层厚度 煤体结构 裂隙系统 属性分析 井震联合反演 地震勘探 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]