镉胁迫下鲤血液免疫指标的变化  

Immune Response of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Exposed to Cadmium

作　　者：李慧[1] 狄桂兰[1] 裴超[1] 高岩[1] 李筝[1] 孔祥会[1] LI Hui DI Gui-lan PEI Chao GAO Yan LI Zheng KONG Xiang-hui(College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007 ,P. R. Chin)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学水产学院,新乡453007

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2017年第4期90-95,共6页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划(15A240005);河南师范大学博士启动课题(qd14178);河南师范大学青年科学基金(2015QK31);甘肃省环境生物监测与修复重点实验室开放基金(GBBL2015003)

摘　　要：水体中镉含量超标会引起鱼体免疫反应,影响鱼类免疫相关酶的活性以及免疫因子的表达。通过对鲤(Cyprinus carpio)幼鱼进行镉(Cd)暴露,检测了血液中非特异性免疫相关指标。结果显示,0.05 mg/L和0.5 mg/L的镉可以引起血清溶菌酶活性的显著升高;0.5 mg/L的镉导致血液白细胞吞噬百分比的显著降低;0.005 mg/L、0.05 mg/L和0.5 mg/L镉均导致鲤血清中酸性磷酸酶活性的显著升高;0.05 mg/L和0.5 mg/L镉引起血清中碱性磷酸酶活性的显著降低;0.005 mg/L、0.05 mg/L和0.5 mg/L镉暴露组的血细胞呼吸爆发活性与对照组相比极显著降低。研究发现镉对鲤幼鱼具有免疫毒性,酸性磷酸酶和血细胞呼吸爆发活性发生了显著变化,说明酸性磷酸酶和血细胞呼吸爆发活性对镉较为敏感,可以作为水环境中低浓度镉的标志物。镉暴露组的血细胞爆发活性的显著降低,证明镉的免疫毒性与体内氧化应激相关。Cadmium（ Cd） is a heavy metal commonly found in water around the world. Cd has a long biological half-life,so it can accumulate to significant levels in the body and eventually lead to detrimental effects in animals and humans. Excessive cadmium ion concentrations in water produces an immune response in fish,both innate and adaptive,the response alters the activity of immune enzymes and the expression of immunologic factors. Common carp（ Cyprinus carpio） is one of the most abundant freshwater fish species,distributed globally,and it is an important cultured fish species in China. The present study investigated the immune response and variation of non-specific immunity indicators in the blood of C. carpio induced by Cd stress,and its relationship with oxidative stress. The results provide insight on the mechanism of cadmium immune toxicity. Four treaments were set,including a control group with no Cd^（2 ＋）,a low concentration group with 0. 005 mg/L Cd^（2 ＋）（ the upper limit for total Cd,according to the environmental quality standard for aquaculture,spawning grounds and surface water in China）,a medium concentration group with 0. 05 mg/L Cd^（2 ＋）and a high concentration group with 0. 5 mg/L Cd^（2 ＋）. Juvenile C. carpio with body weight（ 81 ± 5） g were randomly assigned into the four groups after a 14 day acclimatation,with three individuals for each group and each group in triplicate. After exposure for 21 days,lysozyme activity,acid phosphatase（ ACP） activity,alkline phosphatase（ AKP） activity,nitric oxide（ NO） level in serum,percentage of phagocytes and phagocytic index in blood leucocytes and the respiratory burst activity of all test fish were measured using chemical chromatometry. Results include the following：（ 1） the serum lysozyme activity of C. carpio in the 0. 05 mg/Land 0. 5 mg/L Cd groups significantly increased;（ 2） the percentage of phagocytes in blood leucocytes of C. carpio decreased significantly after exposure to 0. 5 mg/L Cd;（ 3）

关 键 词：镉 鲤 免疫指标 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程]