不同氮磷钾配方施肥对油茶幼苗生长及土壤养分含量的影响  

Effects of NPK Fertilization on Seedling Growth of Camellia oleifera and Nutrient Content of Plantation Soil

作　　者：朱丛飞 华思德 冯杰 罗汉东 胡冬南[1,2] 张令[1,2] 郭晓敏[1,2] 牛德奎[1,2] 李碧霞 ZHU Cong-fei HUA Si-de FENG Jie LUO Han-dong HU Dong-nan ZHANG Ling GUO Xiao-min NIU De-kui LI Bi-xia(College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation of Jiangxi , J iangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang , Jiangxi 330045, China Jiangxi Fuzhou Lichuan Zhangshu Ecological Forest Farm, Fuzhou, Jiangxi 344613, China Jiangxi Fuzhou Lichuan Forestry Bureau, Fuzhou, Jiangxi 344613, China College of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China Jiangxi Chunyuan Green Food Co. Ltd, Shangrao, Jiangxi 334000, China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学园林与艺术学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西农业大学江西省森林培育重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [3]江西省抚州市黎川县樟树生态林场,江西抚州344613 [4]江西省抚州市黎川县林业局,江西抚州344613 [5]江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院,江西南昌330045 [6]江西春源绿色食品有限公司,江西上饶334000

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2017年第6期613-618,共6页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)项目(Jiangxi-29);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B14);江西春源绿色食品有限公司委托项目(CYKJ01)

摘　　要：为了减少油茶林地土壤养分的流失,提高肥料的利用率并提高油茶经济效益,进行正交配方施肥试验,设置13个处理,包括9个正交设计处理和4个缺素对照处理,探究不同氮磷钾配方施肥对油茶幼苗生长及其土壤养分含量的影响。结果表明:处理7(即施用尿素180g·株^(-1)·年^(-1),钙镁磷75g·株^(-1)·年^(-1),氯化钾60g·株^(-1)·年^(-1)最能促进油茶幼树树体生长、叶片叶绿素的累积及土壤速效钾含量累积;处理9(即施用尿素180g·株^(-1)·年^(-1),钙镁磷225g·株^(-1)·年^(-1),氯化钾40g·株^(-1)·年^(-1)对于油茶林地碱解氮和有效磷含量的促进作用最为明显;处理8(即施用尿素180g·株^(-1)·年^(-1),钙镁磷150g·株^(-1)·年^(-1),氯化钾20g·株^(-1)·年^(-1)对于土壤有机质的促进作用最为显著。油茶幼苗树体生长及林地土壤养分含量间密切相关,适宜的幼树配方施肥为配方7、8、9,即尿素、钙镁磷、氯化钾用量分别为180g·株^(-1)·年^(-1),75~225g·株^(-1)·年^(-1),20~40g·株^(-1)·年^(-1)。This study aimed to find ways to mitigate nutrient loss in soil, improve fertilizer utilization, and increase economic return at Camellia oleifera tea plantations. An experimentation with a total of 13, including 9 orthogonal designed and 4 deficiency controlled, treatments was conducted. The results showed that Treatment 7 （i. e. , annual application of 180 g urea/plant, 75 g CaMgP/plant, and 60 g KCl/plant） rendered the best results in promoting seedling growth and accumulating chlorophyll in leaves and available K in soil; Treatment 9 （i. e., annual application of 180 g urea/plant, 225 g CaMgP/plant, and 40 g KCl/plant）, performed the greatest in increasing alkali-hydro N and effective P in soil; and, Treatment 8 （i. e. , annual application of 180 g urea/plant, 150 g CaMgP/plant, and 20 g KCl/plant）, yielded the most in elevating content of organic matters in soil. The growth of the tea seedlings closely related to the nutrient content of the soil they grew in. It appeared that the recommended annual fertilization per plant for the cultivation would be 180 g urea, along with CaMgP in the range of 75 g to 225 g and KCl, 20 g to 40 g.

关 键 词：油茶 氮磷钾配方 幼苗 树体指标 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S794[农业科学—林木遗传育种]