不适宜高原作业人员调离后血红蛋白和血压恢复情况  

Recovery of hemoglobin level and blood pressure in workers unfit for duties at high altitude following relocation

作　　者：梁茹[1] 蔡航[2] 吕艳朋[3] 马世伟[4] 徐树清 曾瑜 

机构地区：[1]上海铁路局南京疾病预防控制所,南京210042 [2]兰州铁路局疾病预防控制所 [3]济南铁路局疾病预防控制所 [4]中国铁道科学研究院节能环保劳卫研究所 [5]青藏铁路公司劳卫部 [6]青藏铁路公司疾病预防控制所

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2017年第6期433-436,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划课题（20142005-B）

摘　　要：目的 研究不适宜高原作业调离人员血红蛋白和血压恢复情况及影响因素.方法 对2006年1月至2015年6月期间693名调离高原作业人员的体检资料进行动态观察,分析血红蛋白和血压的恢复情况.结果 161例调离高原作业的血红蛋白异常者恢复正常的比例为81.37%,164例血压异常者恢复正常的比例为69.51%.40岁以后血红蛋白和血压恢复正常比例呈降低趋势.恢复正常高峰时间：血红蛋白为11~15个月,血压分别为5~7个月和11~13个月.海拔2500~3000 m高原作业人员调离半年的血压和调离2年的血红蛋白恢复比例明显高于海拔≥3000 m人员,差异有统计学意义（P＆lt;0.05）.总胆固醇、文化程度是调离半年高原作业人员血压恢复正常的影响因素（P＆lt;0.05）.结论 不适宜高原作业人员调离后血红蛋白和血压恢复比例较高,血压异常人员要关注总胆固醇等影响因素,应尽早调离血红蛋白或血压异常的高原作业人员.Objective To determine the hemoglobin level and blood pressure and the factors that influence their recovery in relocated workers who were unfit for duties at high altitude. Methods The physical examination data of 693 relocated workers who previously worked at high altitude were dynamically monitored from January 2006 to June 2015 in order to examine the recovery of hemoglobin level and blood pressure. Results The rate of hemoglobin recovery was 81.37%among the 161 relocated workers with abnormal hemoglobin levels , and the rate of blood pressure recovery was 69.51%among the 164 relocated workers with abnormal blood pressure. The rates of hemoglobin and blood pressure recovery were decreased in individuals aged 40 years and older. The peak recovery time of hemoglobin was 11-15 months following relocation, and that of blood pressure was 5-7 months and 11-13 months following relocation. The half-year blood pressure recovery rate and 2-year hemoglobin recovery rate following relocation were significantly higher in workers who worked at 2500-3000 m altitude than in those at ≥3000 m （P〈0.05）. Total cholesterol and educational level were factors that influence the half-year blood pressure recovery in relocated workers （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The rate of hemoglobin and blood pressure recovery are high among relocated workers who previously worked at high altitude. Factors that influence blood pressure , such as total cholesterol, should be closely monitored so that high-altitude workers with abnormal blood pressure and hemoglobin level can be relocated as early as possible.

关 键 词：高原调离人员 血红蛋白类 异常 血压 恢复比例 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]