巴彦淖尔市重点职业人群布鲁氏菌病感染影响因素分析  

An analysis of influencing factors for brucellosis in major occupational groups in Bayannur, China

作　　者：曹民治 杨玉红[1] 陈志涛[1] 赵普[1] 何玲玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]巴彦淖尔市疾病预防控制中心,015000

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2017年第6期440-443,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的 了解巴彦淖尔市重点职业人群感染布鲁氏菌现况,分析其患布鲁氏菌病的影响因素.方法 于2015年1至3月,采用现况调查的方法,分层抽取巴彦淖尔市7个旗县区13家屠宰养殖企业共649名职工,对其进行问卷调查及血清学检查.问卷调查内容包括个人基本情况、职业相关情况、生活习惯、既往病史及相关知识的知晓情况.结果 巴彦淖尔市重点职业人群布鲁氏菌病的感染人数为112人,感染率为17.26%;不同性别、年龄、接害工龄、工作岗位、教育程度、防护用品使用情况、暴露部位是否有创口及工作间隙是否吸烟的职业人群布鲁氏菌感染分布差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.多因素分析结果显示,行业中从事肉制品加工工种、接害工龄＆gt;5年、防护用品使用不当或不使用、工作间隙吸烟、暴露部位有创口是患布鲁氏菌病的危险因素（OR=1.812、1.363、1.957、2.027、1.231）;高中及以上学历、布鲁氏菌相关知识知晓率高是患布鲁氏菌病的保护因素（OR=0.521、0.648）.结论 巴彦淖尔市重点职业人群布鲁氏菌感染率较高,主要的影响因素为工作岗位、接害工龄、个人防护情况、工作时是否吸烟以及暴露部位是否有创口等.Objective To investigate the current status of brucella infection in major occupational groups in Bayannur, China, and to analyze the risk factors for brucellosis. Methods From January to March, 2015, a questionnaire survey and the serological testing were performed to investigate the current status of brucella infection in 649 workers in 13 slaughter and breeding plants in 7 counties in Bayannur , China. The items in the questionnaire survey included general information, related occupational information, living habits, medical history, and awareness of related knowledge. Results A total of 112 workers （17.26%） had brucella infection. Brucella infection was associated with sex, age, years of exposure to hazardous substances, job, educational background, usage of protective equipment, the presence or absence of a wound at the exposure site, and whether to smoke during the work clearance （P〈0.05）. The multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for brucellosis were meat processing work（OR=1.812）,＆gt;5 years of exposure to hazardous substances（OR=1.363）, improper use or nonuse of protective equipment （OR=1.957）, smoke during work （OR=2.027）, and the presence of a woundat the exposure site （OR=1.231）;the protective factors for brucellosis were high school and college education and above （OR=0.521） and high rate of awareness of brucella-related knowledge （OR=0.648）. Conclusion The brucella infection rate is high in the major occupational groups in Bayannur , China. The main influencing factors for brucellosis are job , years of exposure to hazardous substances, usage of protective equipment, whether to smoke during work, and the presence or absence of a wound at the exposure site.

关 键 词：布鲁氏菌病 职业暴露 危险因素 数据收集 

分 类 号：R516.7[医药卫生—内科学]