面向VANET可靠广播的协同背驮算法研究  

Reliable broadcast oriented cooperative piggybacking algorithms in VANET

作　　者：肖广兵[1,2] 孙宁[1] 吕立亚[1] 陈勇[2] 周煜[1] Xiao Guangbing Sun Ning Lyu Liy Chen Yong Zhou Yu(College of Automobile ＆ Traffic Engineering College of Mechanical ＆ Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学汽车与交通工程学院,南京210037 [2]南京林业大学机械电子工程学院,南京210037

出　　处：《计算机应用研究》2017年第9期2732-2736,共5页Application Research of Computers

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学基金资助项目(15KJB580009);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20130977);国家自然科学基金面上项目(11272159)

摘　　要：道路信号干扰造成的非可靠链路使得车载自组织网络(vehicular Ad hoc network,VANET)中的广播消息频繁发生数据丢包,由于广播消息中包含与车辆安全相关的信息,任何数据丢包都可能对车辆的安全驾驶造成严重影响。为增强车辆之间信息交互的可靠性,提出了一种贪心背驮算法(greedy piggyback algorithm,GPA)。允许所有车辆在发送自身丢包请求的同时,从接收缓存中选取若干消息进行背驮式附带广播,对其他车辆的数据丢包进行合作恢复。针对由非对称信道引起的车辆信息孤岛问题,在贪心背驮算法的基础上提出了一种基于策略学习的交互背驮算法(mutual learning and piggybacking algorithm,MLPA),通过车辆之间背驮策略的交互、学习提高VANET中消息广播的可靠性。仿真结果表明,GPA和MLPA不仅将车辆广播中数据接收的可靠度分别提高到0.85和0.95,还能获得较低的网络负载和较短的传输延迟。该算法可被推广至其他对实时性和可靠性要求较高的无线通信网络中。Unreliable channel links resulted from signal blocks in the vehicular Ad-hoc network （VANET） has caused fre- quent data lost in the broadcast. As the lost data might contain safety-related information, any data loss in the broadcast can lead to serious crashes and accidents on the vehicle safety driving. To enhance the broadcast reliability in the VANET, this pa- per proposed a greedy piggyback algorithm（GPA） by exploring the advantage of cooperative piggybacking. All the vehicles in the VANET were allowed to select and piggyback some received messages in each vehicle＇ s periodical broadcast, which helped other neighboring vehicles to recover the lost data. To solve the vehicle broadcast island problem, it also proposed ano- ther mutual learning algorithm based on GPA（MLPA） , and each vehicle could learn some global information from other vehi- cles＇ piggybacking decisions to enhance the broadcast reliability. The simulation results show that GPA and MLPA can dra- matically improve the broadcast reliability to 0.85 and 0.95 respectively in the VANET, and it also can reduce the network load and broadcast delay. This algorithm can be promoted to other wireless network which has a high request on real time and reliability.

关 键 词：协同背驮 可靠广播 车辆信息孤岛 车载自组织网络 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]