福建漳浦凡纳滨对虾海水养殖中后期水体细菌群落多样性分析  

The diversity changes of bacterial community in mariculture water of Litopenasus vannamei at Zhangpu,Fujian Province

作　　者：胡东[1,2] 王丽萍[2] 赵苒[1] 邵宗泽[2] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学公共卫生学院,福建厦门361102 [2]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所国家海洋局海洋生物遗传资源重点实验室,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《海洋学报》2017年第8期89-98,共10页

基　　金：厦门南方海洋研究中心项目(14CZP034HJ08);深远海(极地)微生物及其基因资源开发与产品应用示范(201005032-1);国家自然科学基金项目(81673129)

摘　　要：为分析凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)海水养殖过程中水体细菌群落多样性变化,本研究采用Illumina测序技术对福建漳浦县凡纳滨对虾海水养殖中后期水体样品进行16SrRNA基因高通量测序,同时进行水质参数测定。结果表明,养殖过程中,氨氮(NH+4-N)、化学需氧量(COD)值波动较大,其他水质参数值波动较小。检测到的细菌种群归属于19个门、35个纲、80个目、135个科、254个属,说明该养殖水体中细菌群落具有高度的多样性。变形菌门和拟杆菌门是养殖期间主要优势类群,不同养殖时期细菌组成存在一定的波动,但没有明显的变化规律。蓝细菌在第67天、115天表现出高丰度,且其丰度在养殖期间变化较大(比例变化为0.7%~63.9%)。此外,益生菌和潜在致病菌丰度在养殖期间很低。冗余分析(Redundancy analysis,RDA)表明,对细菌群落影响最大的水质因子是化学需氧量与硝酸盐浓度比值(COD/NO-3)和COD;降低溶氧可以增加细菌丰富度。总之,本研究初步揭示了对虾养殖中后期水体微生物的演替规律,发现水质因子对养殖水体微生物组成具有显著影响,研究结果为凡纳滨对虾健康养殖提供一定的参考意义。To explore the diversity changes of bacterial communities in mariculture water,water samples from Litopenasus vannamei culture ponds in the middle and late growth stages at the farms located at Zhangpu,Fujian Province,China,were collected.Bacterial communities were analyzed through Illumina Miseq sequencing based on16 SrRNA gene,and the water quality parameters were also detected.The results showed that the water quality factors,such as NH4~＋-N,COD,fluctuated greatly compared with other parameters.19 phyla,35classes,80 orders,135families and 254 bacterial genera were detected,which indicated a high diversity of microbial flora.Proteobacteriaand Bacteroidetes are the main dominant group during culture,and while there was a certain fluctuation of microbial composition in different aquaculture periods,no obvious change law was observed.Cyanobacteria showed high abundance at the day of 67 and 115,and their abundance varied greatly during culture（0.7% to 63.9%）.In addition,the abundance of probiotics and potential pathogens is low during culture.The RDA results showed that COD/NO3^- and COD contents in water had the greatest influence on bacterial communities,and reduced DO can increase bacterial richness.This study revealed the change of bacterial community in the middle and late stages of L.vannamei culture,and found that water quality factors had a significant effect on microbial composition.The results provided a significant reference for the healthy aquaculture of L.vannamei.

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 微生物群落多样性 16SrRNA基因高通量测序 水质因子 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]