减氮及硝化抑制剂对菜地氧化亚氮排放的影响  被引量:25

Effects of N Reduction and Nitrification Inhibitor on N_2O Emissions in Intensive Vegetable Field

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作  者:陈浩[1] 李博[1] 熊正琴[1] 

机构地区:[1]江苏省低碳农业和温室气体减排重点实验室,南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095

出  处:《土壤学报》2017年第4期938-947,共10页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基  金:国家自然科学基金面上项目(41471192);科技部支撑计划项目(2013BAD11B01)资助~~

摘  要:利用静态暗箱—气相色谱法,周年监测集约化菜地四种蔬菜种植过程中N2O的排放和蔬菜产量变化,探究减氮(640、960 kg hm-2 a-1)以及施用硝化抑制剂氯甲基吡啶(CP)对菜地N2O排放的影响。结果表明,与常规施氮(Nn)处理相比,减量施氮(Nr)在不显著降低产量的情况下平均降低菜地N2O排放27.1%;与仅施用尿素的处理相比,在减量和常规施氮水平的基础上添加硝化抑制剂又分别能降低菜地N2O排放总量29.4%、26.0%,降低N2O排放系数60.9%、42.4%,而对蔬菜产量没有显著影响,因此显著降低菜地单位产量N2O排放量32.1%、30.3%,以减氮结合CP(CP-Nr)处理减排效果最佳。因此,减氮结合CP应用于集约化蔬菜生产是一种有效的菜地减排农业措施。[Objective] A one-year-round field experiment, monitoring nitrous oxide ( N20 ) emissions during the growing seasons of four consecutive vegetable crops and yields of the crops, was conducted to investigate effects of reduced application of nitrogen ( N ) fertilizer and application of chlorinated pyridine (CP) , a kind of nitrification inhibitor, on N20 emission and vegetable yield. [Method] During the observation period from May, 2015 to May, 2016, four different species of vegetables were cultivated one by one, namely, amaranth, water spinach, cilantro and baby bok choy. The experiment was designed to have two treatments in N input i.e. 640 and 960 kg hm^-2 a^-1 or a reduced N dose ( Nr ) and a normal N dose ( Nn ) Urea was applied as N fertilizer coupled with CP (CP-N) or without CP (N) . Phosphate and potassium fertilizers were applied in the form of calcium/magnesium phosphate ( 12% P205 ) and potassium chloride ( 60% K20 ) at a rate of 960 kg hm^-2 a^-1. All the fertilizers were evenly distributed among the four crops. Each treatment had three replicates. N20 fluxes were monitored with the static-closed chamber method and gas phase chromatography. Air samples were collected normally once a week and once every two or three days during the 7 - 10 days after the application of N fertilizer. [Result] Resuhs show that N20 flux varied significa with the season in all the treatments, showing a trend of rising higher in the period from May to Septerr and staying lower in the rest of the year. The N20 flux during the growing season of water spinach was highest and reached N 6 426 μg m^-2 h^-1 soon after N fertilization, which could probably be attributed to high temperature in the season. But no apparent peaks were observed during the growing seasons of cila and baby bok choy, when the highest N2O flux reached N 664.9 and 914.9 μg m^-2 h^-1 respectively. N2O was found significantly and positively related to soil water content and soil temperature (p 〈 0.05 ) an N fertili

关 键 词:集约化菜地 N2O排放 氮肥减量 硝化抑制剂 

分 类 号:S15[农业科学—土壤学]

 

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