长白山地丘陵区不同土地利用方式土壤动物群落生态分布特征  

Ecological Distribution of Soil Fauna Communities in Hilly Regions of the Changbai Mountains Relative to Land Use

作　　者：李红月[1] 殷秀琴[1,2] 马辰[1] 郭玉梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学地理科学学院,长春130024 [2]吉林省动物资源保护与利用重点实验室,长春130024

出　　处：《土壤学报》2017年第4期1018-1028,共11页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41471211)资助~~

摘　　要：在长白山地丘陵区选择次生落叶阔叶林、灌木林、采伐迹地以及耕地四种土地利用方式,对其土壤动物群落的组成、多样性和分布特征进行研究。结果表明:不同土地利用方式土壤动物群落的水平分布呈现明显的差异。采伐迹地中型土壤动物个体密度和耕地中型土壤动物类群数季节变化明显。次生落叶阔叶林和灌木林土壤动物分布随土层加深急剧减少,采伐迹地和耕地垂直分布递减和缓。同一季节土壤动物的丰富度指数和多样性指数在不同土地利用方式差异显著。土壤动物的多样性表现为灌木林最高,耕地最低。不同土地利用方式影响土壤动物群落的生态分布,其中pH、土壤有机质、有效磷和速效氮是影响长白山地丘陵区不同土地利用方式土壤动物群落分布的主导因子。[Objective] Soil fauna play a significantly crucial role in decomposing organic debris,altering physical and chemical properties, and promoting material and energy recycling of and in the soils. In addition to this, they are a key link between the above-and under-ground ecosystems. Change in land-use may bring about great impacts on the ecosystems. However, little has been reported on impacts of changes in land use on soil fauna communities in the Changbai Moutains. In this study, a field investigation was conducted in 2014 on composition, diversity and distribution of the soil fauna communities in four tracts of land different in land-use （ secondary deciduous broad-leaf forest, shrubbery, cut-over land and farm land） in the Changbai Mountains. [Method] Sampling plots, 5 m-5 m each, were set up in the cut-over land and the farm land, and, 10 m - 10 m each in the secondary deciduous broad-leaf forest land and shrubbery land. Within each plot, five subplots were set using the diagonal process for duplicate sampling, 25 cm - 25 cm each for macro-fuana and 10 cm - 10 cm each for meso-fauna, and samples were collected from the litter layer, 0- 5, 5 - 10 and 10 - 15 cm soil layers in each subplot during spring, summer, and autumn 2014. Soil macro-fauna were picked out and collected by hand and soil meso-fauna with the Tullgren funnel extractor. One-way ANOVA and LSD were adopted to analyze differences in soil fauna community between lands under different land use, and RDA （ redundancy analysis ） to analyze relationships of soil fauna community with soil physico-chemical properties relative to land use. [Result] A total of 59 groups and 16 344 soil animals were collected and could be sorted into 3 phyla, 7 classes and 21 orders/suborders. Among these, Oribatida （27.04%） , Actinedida （20.94%） and Isotomidae （16.05%） were the dominant groups. Differences between the four tracts of land were significant in soil fauna distribution at the community level. In the cut-over land, individual density of the

关 键 词：土壤动物 生态分布 土地利用方式 丘陵区 长白山地 

分 类 号：S154.5[农业科学—土壤学]