甲基磺草酮·五氟磺草胺防除水稻移栽田杂草的效果及对产量和光照、养分的影响  

Effect of Mesotrione·Penoxsulam on Weed Control,Nutrient,Light Intensity and Rice Yield in Paddy Field

作　　者：李林[1,2] 曹坳程[1] 朱文达[2] 喻大昭[2] 颜冬冬[1] LI Lin CAO Ao-cheng ZHU Wen-da YU Da-zhao YAN Dong-dongt(Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Hubei Wuhan 430064, China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193 [2]湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所,湖北武汉430064

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2017年第7期1554-1559,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目(2006BAD08A09)

摘　　要：【目的】研究18%甲基磺草酮·五氟磺草胺油悬浮剂防除水稻移栽田主要杂草的效果和应用安全性,以及杂草防除后对水稻产量和田间光照、养分、水分的影响,为移栽稻田杂草化学防控提供科学依据。【方法】设18%甲基磺草酮·五氟磺草胺油悬浮剂4个剂量处理,以15%甲基磺草酮悬浮剂和25 g/L五氟磺草胺油悬浮剂为对照药剂处理,并设人工除草和空白对照处理,于水稻移栽前3 d毒土法施药,药后调查杂草种群数量,同时取样测定杂草对氮、磷、钾和水分的影响,并测定田间光照强度,水稻收获期进行测产。【结果】施用18%甲基磺草酮·五氟磺草胺油悬浮剂50~150 g(a.i)/hm2对移栽稻田稗草的防效达85.1%以上,对鸭舌草、鳢肠、异型莎草的效果达91.7%~100.0%,水稻产量比不施药增产35.7%~42.7%,均显著优于人工除草,杂草防除后,对田间氮、磷、钾消耗比空白对照减少91.8%~99.8%,有效改善了田间的光照和水肥条件。【结论】18%甲基磺草酮·五氟磺草胺油悬浮剂能有效控制移栽稻田杂草生长,对水稻安全,增产效果显著,有良好的应用前景,推荐剂量以每公顷使用有效成分50~100 g拌毒土撒施。[ Objective ] In order to provide scientific basis for combined application of mesotrione and penoxsulam in paddy fields, the present experiment was conducted to determine control effect of 18 % mesotrione penoxsulam oil dispersion（OD） on weed control in a field of trans- planted rice. [ Method ] The experimental design consisted of four dosages of 18 % mesotrione penoxsulam OD （50,75,100, and 150 g a. i/ hm2）, 15 % mesotrione suspension concentrate, 25 g/L penoxsulam oil dispersion, manual weeding and untreated control. Herbicides were treated with soil 3 days before rice was transplanted. Weed population was evaluated after herbicide application. The rice yield, light intensi- ty, N, P, K and water contents were also analyzed following treatment with herbicides. [ Result ] Results indicated that 18 % mesotrione ~ penoxsulam OD provided good control on total weeds in paddy fields. The control effect on Echinochloa crusgalli was more than 85.1%, and the control effect on Cyperus difformis, Monochoria vaginalis and Eclipta prostrate ranged from 91.7 % to 100.0 %. The light intensity, wa- ter and nutrient contents were greatly improved after treated with mesotrione penoxsulam. The accumulation of soil N, K and P was reduce by 9l. 8 % -99.8 % compared to untreated control. [ Conclusion ] Application of 18 % mesotrione ~ penoxsulam OD can provide good control on weeds in paddy fields, and rice yield increased significantly after the herbicide application. The recommended dosage was range from 50 to 100 g. a. i/ha by soil mixture methods.

关 键 词：甲基磺草酮·五氟磺草胺 杂草防效 光照 水稻产量 

分 类 号：S511.035[农业科学—作物学]