喷施叶面肥对花后干旱春小麦光合特性的影响  

Effects of Spraying Foliar Fertilizer on Photosynthetic Capabilities of Spring Wheat under Post-anthesis Drought

作　　者：朱荣[1] 康建宏[1] 慕宇[1] 苏玮[1] 吴宏亮[1] ZHU Rong KANG Jian-hong MU Yu SU Wei WU Hong-liang(College of Agronomy, Ningxia University, Ningxia Yinchuan 750021, China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2017年第7期1593-1599,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31160255);宁夏大学研究生创新项目(GIP201650);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD22B01)

摘　　要：【目的】本文研究了喷施叶面肥对花后干旱胁迫下春小麦叶片叶绿素含量、光合参数及产量性状的影响。【方法】以宁春4号为材料,不喷施任何肥料的处理作为对照CK,叶面肥分别设置喷施清水、2%尿素、2%磷酸二氢钾、8%微肥、10%SOD叶面肥、10%复合氨基酸、2%富硒肥、8%旱地龙和4%农家宝共8个处理,采用盆栽试验。【结果】与喷施清水的对照相比,喷施不同种类的叶面肥处理均显著提高了小麦叶绿素含量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率及气孔导度,增加了穗粒数、穗粒重、千粒重和经济系数。说明喷施叶面肥能有效缓解花后干旱对春小麦叶片光合特性和产量的影响。【结论】以喷施2%尿素、2%磷酸二氢钾及4%农家宝效果较好,其中净光合速率和千粒重分别增加41.93%、24.57%、27.98%和30.32%、26.92%、27.67%。[ Objective] The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of spraying foliar fertilizers on the chlorophyll content, pho- tosynthetic parameters and yield of spring wheat under post-anthesis drought. [ Method] Ningcun 4 was selected as tested materials, taken the treatment without spraying any fertilizer as control CK, the eight foliar fertilizer conditions which included water, 2 % urea, 2 % potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8 % trace fertilizer, 10 % SOD foliar fertilizer, 10 % compound amino acids, 2 % selenium-rich fertilizer, 8 % Handilong and 4 % Nongjiabao were set up, and pot experiments were conducted. [ Result] Compared with control, spraying different kinds of foliar fertilizers significantly increased the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate （ P n ）, transpiration rate（ Tr ） and stomatal conduct- a.nee（ G8 ） of wheat and significantly improved grain number, kernel weight, thousand seed weight and economic coefficient. The effects of post-anthesis drought on the photosynthetic capabilities and yield of spring wheat by spraying foliar fertilizer were effectively relieved. [ Con- clusion] Spraying 2 % urea, 2 % potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 4 % Nongjiabao were suitable for the net photosynthetic rate and thousand seed weight, which increased by 41.93 % , 24.57 % , 27.98 % and 41.93 % , 26.92 % , 27.67 % , respectively.

关 键 词：春小麦 花后干旱 叶面肥 光合特性 产量 

分 类 号：S512.12[农业科学—作物学]