荔枝核淀粉接枝丙烯酸合成高吸水树脂  

Synthesis of Superabsorbent Polymers via Grafting Acrylic Acid onto Litchi Seed Starch

作　　者：刘廷国[1] 黄志良[1] 钱立武[1] 刘天宝[1] 郭军[1] 

机构地区：[1]池州学院化学与材料工程学院,安徽池州247000

出　　处：《塑料科技》2017年第8期39-44,共6页Plastics Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51403024);安徽省教育厅自然项目(KJ2015A282)

摘　　要：采用静态水溶液聚合法成功制备了一种水凝胶型荔枝核淀粉接枝丙烯酸高吸水树脂(SAP)。研究发现,乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA)的加入不仅显著提高淀粉/高岭土复合吸水性树脂的产率,而且使其吸水性得到提高。详细研究了不同反应条件对产物吸水性和产率的影响,获得了复合吸水性树脂的最佳合成工艺,在最优条件下合成的树脂吸收自来水、纯水、生理盐水和人工尿液的倍率分别为(764±21)、(3 152±26)、(128±2)、(110±1)g/g。分别利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、热重分析仪、扫描电镜、能谱和碘染色等对复合吸水性树脂进行定性分析,结果表明:丙烯酸成功接枝到淀粉分子链上,同时保留了部分淀粉的分子链结构;高岭土成功与淀粉基高吸水树脂复合,产物热稳定性有所提高。A homogeneous gel-like superabsorbent polymers（SAP） was successfully prepared via grafting acrylic acid onto litchi seed starch, using static aqueous solution polymerization method. The addition of EDTA not only significantly improved the yield of starch-based-SAP that composited with kaolin, but also improved its water absorbency in running water. The varieties of reaction conditions which may affect the water absorbency have been investigated in detail, and the optimal synthesis procedure was obtained. The SAP synthesized under the optimum conditions can absorb（764±21）,（3152±26）,（128±2）,（110±1） g/g water, in running water, distilled water, normal saline and artificial urine, respectively. The qualitative analysis of the organic/inorganic composite SAP was established by the FTIR, TG, SEM, EDS and iodine staining test,respectively. The results indicate that poly（acrylic acid） chain is successfully grafted onto the starch molecule chain, simultaneously it still retains the main molecular chains＇ structure of starch. The kaolin is successfully composited with the starch-based-SAP, and the thermal stability is improved.

关 键 词：荔枝核淀粉 高吸水树脂 水凝胶 交联 高岭土 

分 类 号：TQ324.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]