投喂水平对快速生长转基因鲤能量分配与越冬的影响  

Influence of Feeding Rations on Energy Allocation and Overwinter of Fast Growth Transgenic Common Carp(Cyprinus carpio)

作　　者：朱挺兵[1,2] 张堂林[1] 胡炜[1] 汪亚平[1] 朱作言[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,武汉430072 [2]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所农业部淡水生物多样性保护重点实验室,武汉430223

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2017年第9期1538-1545,共8页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31200423和No.30970553);农业部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(No.201203081)

摘　　要：转草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)生长激素基因鲤(Cyprinus carpio)是一种以提高生长速度为目标的鱼类新品种,但是转基因可能改变了转基因鲤对不同环境条件的响应对策。为了探讨投喂水平对快速生长转基因鲤能量分配和越冬存活的影响,本研究在两种投喂水平(饱食和半饱食)下开展了对转基因鲤和对照鲤的生长和越冬实验。在夏秋季生长实验中,饱食投喂转基因鲤(satiation transgenic,ST)的体重生长速度是饱食投喂对照鲤(satiation nontransgenic,SN)的1.33倍,半饱食投喂转基因鲤(half-satiation transgenic,HT)的体重生长速度则是半饱食投喂对照鲤(half-satiation nontransgenic,HN)的1.51倍,但是HT和SN组的体重生长速度没有显著性差异。HN,SN,HT和ST组的水分含量依次减小。同一基因型不同投喂水平下的蛋白含量没有显著性差异,但ST组的蛋白含量显著高于SN组。HN,SN,HT和ST组的脂肪含量依次显著增加。在秋季末期,对照鲤的饱食水平明显下降,而转基因鲤的饱食水平并没有明显下降。各组实验鱼的越冬存活率无显著性差异,投喂史只对越冬后的能量含量有显著性影响。本研究表明,转基因鲤和对照鲤均能对投喂水平和越冬做出一致的能量分配响应,限制投喂能激发转基因鲤优先保障生长能量供应而减少能量的存储,转基因鲤和对照鲤的越冬存活能力没有明显差异。本研究结果可为转基因鲤生态安全评估提供参考。The grass carp （Ctenopharyngodon idellus） growth hormone gene transgenic common carp （Cyprinus carpio） is a new variety of fish which aims to enhance growth. However, transgenisis may alter the response of the transgenic carp to different environmental conditions. To examine the effect of feeding rations on energy allocation and overwinter of fast growth transgcnic common carp, a growth and overwinter trial on transgenic and nontransgenic carp was conducted under 2 feeding rations （satiation and half-satiation）. At the growth trial in summer and autumn, the growth rate of body weight of satiation transgenic （ST） fish was 1.33 times faster than that of satiation nontransgenic （SN） fish, and half-satiation transgenic （HT） fish was 1.51 times faster than half-satiation nontransgenic （I-IN） fish. However, no significant difference was found between HT and SN in the growth rate of body weight. The moisture content of HN, SN, HT and ST in turn significantly reduced. There was no significant difference in protein content within genotype, but the protein content of ST was significantly higher than that of SN. The lipid content and energy content of HN, SN, HT and ST were increased significantly by degrees. The transgenic carp did not reduce satiation ration in late autumn while the nontransgenic carp did. There were no significant difference in overwinter survival rate among treatments, and feeding history only affected the energy content after overwinter. Our study indicated that the energy allocation in response to feeding ration and overwinter was consistent between transgenic and nontransgenic carp. The transgenic carp would assign more energy to growth, but less energy to storage under food restriction. There was no significant difference in overwinter ability among transgenic and nontransgenic carp. The present study may provide reference for ecological safety assessment of transeenic carp.

关 键 词：快速生长 转基因鲤 投喂水平 能量分配 越冬 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]