高温超导研究面临的挑战  

Challenges in the study of high temperature superconductivity

作　　者：向涛[1,2,3] 薛健[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院物理研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学物理科学学院,北京101408 [3]量子物质科学协同创新中心,北京100190

出　　处：《物理》2017年第8期514-520,共7页Physics

摘　　要：自1986年铜氧化物高温超导体发现以来,高温超导研究取得了丰硕的成果,确定了高温超导材料的相图和超导配对的对称性,发现了赝能隙、电荷自旋分离、线性电阻、强超导位相涨落等大量新的物理现象。但是,高温超导机理依然还是一个谜,高温超导材料中发现的大量反常量子现象也不能在已有的固体量子理论的框架下得到解释。要解决高温超导问题,必须发展新的实验探测技术和新的量子多体理论及计算方法。特别是要发展能够直接调节和探测电子与固体中各种元激发相互作用的实验探测技术,从相互作用的源头来直接探测并判定高温超导电子配对的机理。Investigation of high temperature superconductivity has achieved tremendous progress since the discovery of cuprate superconductors in 1986. Besides the determination of the phase diagram and pairing symmetry of high-T~ superconductors, a large number of novel physical phenomena, including the pseudogap effect, charge-spin separation, linear resistivity and strong superconducting phase fluctuation, have been discovered and enriched the picture of microscopic quantum world. However, the mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity remains a mystery. It is also difficult to understand a number of anomalous quantum phenomena observed in cuprate superconductors within the existing framework of quantum many-body theory. To solve these problems, new measurement technology with new quantum many-body theory and computational method should be developed. In particular, it is desired to develop an experimental method that can be used to reveal unambiguously the mechanism of superconducting pairing by directly tuning and probing the interactions between electrons and phonons or other elementary quasiparticle excitations.

关 键 词：高温超导 BCS理论 超导电子配对 

分 类 号：O511.3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]