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机构地区:[1]马鞍山市人民医院药事科,安徽马鞍山243000
出 处:《中国医院用药评价与分析》2017年第6期843-845,共3页Evaluation and Analysis of Drug-use in Hospitals of China
摘 要:目的:了解马鞍山市人民医院(以下简称"我院")抗肿瘤药致药品不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)发生情况,为临床用药提供参考。方法:对2015—2016年上报的257例抗肿瘤药所致ADR患者的性别与年龄、药物种类、给药途径、ADR累及器官和(或)系统及临床表现、ADR级别分布及转归等情况进行回顾性分析。结果:257例ADR报告中,男性患者略多于女性,≥50岁患者发生ADR的比例较高;共涉及抗肿瘤药6类31种,其他抗肿瘤药及辅助治疗药物所致ADR病例数最多(119例,占46.31%),其次为植物来源的抗肿瘤药(52例,占20.23%),再次为抗代谢药(50例,占19.46%);致ADR病例数排序居前3位的药品分别为奥沙利铂(44例,占17.12%)、顺铂(31例,12.06%)和吉西他滨(23例,占8.95%);静脉滴注引起的ADR病例数最多(233例,占90.66%),其次为口服给药(12例,占4.67%);ADR共累及器官和(或)系统280例次,主要为累及消化系统(114例次,占40.71%)、血液系统(70例次,占25.00%)和皮肤及其附件(43例次,占15.36%);一般的ADR和严重的ADR病例数较多,经及时停药及对症处理后,患者均治愈或好转,未见死亡病例。结论:临床应加强抗肿瘤药致ADR的监测工作,加强医、药、患合作,建立良好的医患关系,提高患者用药依从性,以降低ADR发生率,促进临床合理用药。OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADR) induced by antineoplastic drugs in People's Hospital of Maanshan (hereinafter referred to as "our hospital"), so as to provide reference for clinical drug use. METHODS: Retrospective analysis was conducted on 257 cases of ADR induced by antineoplastic drugs during 2015-2016 in terms of gender and age, drug categories, administration route, involved organs and (or) systems and prognosis, etc. RESULTS: Of the 257 ADR cases, males were slightly more than females, the ratio of patients aged I〉 50 years old with ADR was relatively high; there were 6 kinds of antineoplastic drugs involved, including 31 categories, cases of ADR induced by antineoplastic drugs and adjuvant therapy took the lead (119 cases, 46.31% ), followed by antineoplastic drugs of species source(52 cases, 20. 13% ) and antimetabolites (50 cases, 19.46% ). The top 3 drugs were respectively oxaliplatin(44 cases, 17.12% ), cis-platinum(31 cases, 12.06% ) and gemcitabine(23 cases, 8.95% ). ADR induced by intravenous drip dominated the first place(233 cases, 90.66% ), followed by oral medication(12 cases, 4. 67% ). ADR involved organs and (or) systems in 280 cases,and the most common were digestive system(114 cases, 40. 71% ), hematological system (70 cases, 25.00% ) and skin and its accessories(43 cases, 15.36% ). Cases of general ADR and severe ADR took the lead, after timely withdrawal and expectant treatment, patients were cured or recovered, without any death cases. CONCLUSIONS: The clinic should strengthen the monitoring of ADR induced by antineoplastic drugs and cooperation of medical, pharmacy and patient, establish the good doctor-patient relationship, increase the medication compliance of patients, so as to reduce the incidence of ADR and promote the rational drug application in clinic.
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