风险社会视野中的公共管理变革  

Risk Society and Public Management

作　　者：张海波[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学政府管理学院,南京210023

出　　处：《南京大学学报（哲学．人文科学．社会科学）》2017年第4期57-65,共9页Journal of Nanjing University(Philosophy,Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(13AGL009);教育部新世纪人才项目(NCET-13-0284)

摘　　要：在风险社会的背景下,公共管理面临的情境更为复杂,这必然驱动公共管理的整体变革。从情境来看,极端灾难、跨界危机与新兴风险共同形成了公共管理面临的复杂情境。从结构来看,公共管理的既有结构仍然存在,但运行方式会发生改变。与此同时,对风险社会复杂情境的适应也会创新公共管理的结构,使得公共管理结构在总体上由层级模式转向网络模式。从过程来看,由于社会系统的混序转换,公共管理也将面临常态管理和应急管理的频繁转换。风险社会背景下的公共管理的核心是应急管理。在价值目标上,应急管理需要做好安全与发展的平衡。在制度设计上,应急管理应强调情境上的全灾难管理、结构上的全主体管理、过程上的全流程管理和总体上的适应性管理。为应对风险社会的挑战,我国的公共管理在理论和实践上都需要重新审视,以探索出一条基于我国政治情境,同时注意融入全球风险社会治理的道路。In the context of risk society,public management calls forth an overall transformation.In the dimension of circumstances,extreme disasters,trans-boundary crisis,and emerging risks construct the complex context of public management.In the dimension of structure,the existing structure of public management still exists,but the mode of operation will change.At the same time,the adaptation to the complex scenario of the risk society will innovate the structure of public management,so that the public management structure is capable of developing from the hierarchical model to the network model.In the dimension of process,driven by the frequent shifts between order and chaos,public management will undergo the shifts between routine management and emergency management very often.The core of public management in the context of risk society is its emergency management.At the value level,emergency management needs to balance between security and development.As to institutional design,emergency management should be characteristic of its all-hazard approach,multi-organization participation and whole-process management.Moreover,all factors must be integrated into an adaptive system.

关 键 词：风险社会 公共管理 应急管理 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]