分析尿常规、粪便常规检验标本不合格的相关因素并探讨相应对策  

This paper analyzes the factors that are not qualified for the routine test of urine and feces, and discusses the corresponding countermeasures

作　　者：葛雪微 王青云[2] 兰梅[2] 彭海[2] 

机构地区：[1]青海省人民医院临床检验中心质控室,青海西宁810007 [2]青海省人民医院检验科,青海西宁810007

出　　处：《中国生化药物杂志》2017年第8期348-349,351,共3页Chinese Journal of Biochemical Pharmaceutics

摘　　要：目的 分析尿常规、粪便常规检验标本不合格的相关因素,在此基础上制定相应的解决策略。方法 选择2014年4月-2017年4月本院搜集的600例就诊的尿、粪便样本,对其进行常规检测,明确指出造成样本不合格的相关因素,并且制定出有效的解决策略。结果在本次所选的600例尿常规、粪便常规检验标本中,不合格的样本总有110例,不合格率为18.33%,合格样本490例,合格率为81.67%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。导致样本不合格的因素有很多,诸如样本被污染、存放时间过长、操作和准备不当等。结论 临床上在实际对疾病诊断的过程中,导致尿、粪便常规检验标本不合格的情况经常出现,究其原因在很大程度上与相关护理人员在采集尿和粪便标本之前对患者缺乏相关的指导等有关,并且护理人员在完成采集以后通常不会根据相关标准对标本进行认真的核对,为避免出现样本检验不合格的情况,医院需要制定科学的检验流程,护理人员在实际工作中需要严格参照该流程进行,并且通过强化培训,促进护理人员检验意识的不断增强,便可以为提高样本检验的合格率提供强有力的保障。Objective To analyze the factors related to the disqualification of urine routine and stool routine, and to formulate corresponding solutions. Methods In April 2014 to April 2017 our collected 600 cases of hospitalized patients, urine and stool samples for routine detection, made clear that cause unqualified samples related factors, and develop effective solution strategy. Results 600 cases in the selected routine urine, excrement and urine routine test specimens, the unqualified samples of total 110 cases, fraction defective is 18.33%, 490 qualified samples, percent of pass is 81.67%, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）.There are a number of factors that cause the sample to fail, such as the contamination of the sample, the length of storage, the operation and the preparation. Conclusion In the process of actual diagnosis of disease, clinical result in urine, feces routine test specimen unqualified often appear, the reason is to a great extent, and the related nursing staff in urine and stool samples of patients before the lack of relevant guidance and so on, and nursing staff after the complete collection of specimens does not usually in accordance with the relevant standard of serious check, to avoid the sample inspection is unqualified, hospitals need to develop scientific inspection process, nurses in practice need to strict adherence to the process, and through intensive training, promote nursing staff awareness test, can to improve the qualification rate of sample test provide strong guarantee.

关 键 词：尿常规 粪便 常规检验 标本不合格 相关因素 对策 

分 类 号：R446.1[医药卫生—诊断学]