新生儿接种乙肝疫苗效果评价及低、无应答者再免疫效果的预防分析  

Evaluation of the effect of neonatal hepatitis B vaccine and the prevention of low and no responders

作　　者：延芸 王刚 

机构地区：[1]榆林市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生科,陕西榆林719000 [2]榆林市榆阳区疾病预防控制中心流病科,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《中国生化药物杂志》2017年第8期354-355,359,共3页Chinese Journal of Biochemical Pharmaceutics

摘　　要：目的 评价新生儿接种乙肝疫苗的免疫效果,并对低、无应答者再免疫效果进行预防分析。方法 选取山东省烟台市的婴儿共计1 200例,婴儿在出生后均进行了初次免疫,即接种了5 ug啤酒酵母乙肝疫苗。采婴儿静脉血,分离血清,使用化学发光微粒子免疫分析法检验婴儿血清中抗-HBs的几何平均浓度。对其中128例低、无应答免疫者进行再免：分别对71例进行5 ug啤酒酵母乙肝疫苗和57例10 ug汉逊酵母乙肝疫苗再免一次、三次。对再免的结果进行评价。结果 对婴儿进行初免之后,正常应答的有80例（62.5%）,高应答的有23例（17.9%）,低应答的有22例（17.2%）,无应答的有3例（2.3%）。县级以下地区所在医院出生、父亲母亲HBsAg为阳性者的免疫应答率明显低于县级、市级及以上地区所在医院出生、父亲母亲HBsAg为阴性者的免疫应答率。以上2种酵母第一次和第三次再免的抗体阳转率差异无统计学意义,检测2种疫苗的抗-HBs的几何平均浓度,啤酒酵母疫苗显著更低。结论 县级、市级及以上医院出生的婴儿、父亲母亲HBsAg为阴性的儿童乙肝疫苗的免疫应答率相对较高;相比于啤酒酵母疫苗,汉逊酵母乙肝疫苗的再免效果明显更优。Objective To evaluate the immunological effect of neonatal hepatitis B vaccine and to prevent the immunization effect of low and no responders. Methods A total of 1,200 infants were selected from Yantai City, Shandong Province. All the infants were immunized for the first time after birth, and were inoculated with brewer＆#39;s yeast hepatitis B vaccine 5μg. The venous blood of the infant was taken to separate the serum and the geometric mean concentration of anti-HBs in serum by using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Of which 128 cases were low, no response were immunized again： 71 cases were treated with brewer＇s yeast hepatitis B vaccine 5μg and 57 cases were inoculated with 10%Hansenula hepatitis B vaccine again and again, three times. The results of the re-immune were evaluated . Results There were 80 cases （62.5%） wtith normal response, 23 cases （17.9%） with high response, 22 cases （17.2%） with low response, 3 cases （2.3%） with no response The immunization response rate of HBsAg positive in fathers and mothers was significantly lower than that in county, city and above, and the fathers＇ mother HBsAg was negative. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of antibody transfection between the first and the third of the above two yeasts, but the geometric mean concentration of anti-HBs was significantly lower for both vaccines, and the brewer＆#39;s yeast vaccine was significantly lower. Conclusion The immune response rate of hepatitis B vaccine in children with HBsAg-negative mothers at the county, municipal and above hospitals is relatively high. Compared with the brewer＆#39;s yeast vaccine, the effect of the hepatitis B vaccine is obviously better .

关 键 词：新生儿 乙肝疫苗 免疫效果 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]